Etrusci

Terrae Etruscorum cum maioribus urbibus eorum

Etrusci vel Tusci (Etrusce: antīquitus Ràsenna (𐌀𐌍𐌍𐌄𐌔𐌀𐌓), quae deinceps facta est Raśna (𐌀𐌍𐌑𐌀𐌓) vel Rasna (𐌀𐌍𐌔𐌀𐌓); Graece: Τυρσηνοί, Tursenoi) populus antiquus Italicus, incolens eam regionem, cui nomen suum Etrurias dederunt, quae Tuscia quoque appellata est vel hodie Tuscania, attingens Umbriam, et terras usque ad Tiberim flumen et ad septentrionalem Latium continens. Quaedam oppida porro inventa sunt in Campania et in valle Padana a saeculo 8 a.C.n.

Historia

Origo gentis Etruscae est in dubio. Romani eorum oppida subiecerunt; olim multi credebant Etruscos ab Europa non emanavisse. Itaque Herodotus (ca. 400 a.C.n.) tradidit eos a Lydia venisse[1]; ceterum Dionysius Halicarnasseus (ca. 100 a.C.n.) tradidit Italiae esse aborigines, ex populo antiquo ortos, qui lingua institutisque omnino unoquoque discrepavit.

Nonnulli investigatores crediderunt illas inscriptiones Lemnias, quae Graecae non sint sed linguae Etruscae similes esse videantur, quae porro sexto saeculo factas esse putantur, hypothesem Herodoti confirmare. Aliae investigationes autem rituum funereorum nuper monstraverunt Etruscos indigenas probabiliter fuisse. Caeremoniae funereae non mutatae sunt a tempore hominum priorum Villanovae usque ad tempus Etruscorum ipsorum.

Saeculo septimo a.C.n., Etrusci multas civitates condiderunt, ex quibus sunt Arretium (𐌌𐌉𐌕𐌉𐌓𐌀), Caere (𐌓𐌔𐌉𐌀𐌂), Clusium (𐌉𐌔𐌅𐌄𐌋𐌂), Curtun (𐌍𐌖𐌕𐌓𐌖𐌂), Perusia (𐌀𐌍𐌔𐌖𐌓𐌄𐌐), Popluna (𐌀𐌍𐌖𐌋𐌚𐌖𐌚 vel 𐌀𐌍𐌖𐌋𐌐𐌖𐌐), Veii (𐌉𐌄𐌅 aut fortasse 𐌀𐌉𐌄𐌅), Tarquinii (𐌀𐌍𐌙𐌓𐌀𐌕), Vetulonia (𐌉𐌖𐌋𐌕𐌀𐌅), Volaterrae (𐌉𐌓𐌈𐌀𐌋𐌄𐌅), Volsinii (𐌖𐌔𐌋𐌄𐌅), Vulci (-𐌙𐌋𐌄𐌅). In valle Padana, antequam Celtae advenissent vestigiaque incolentium Etruscorum delevissent, fuerant Etruscae urbes Mantua (𐌀𐌖𐌈𐌍𐌀𐌌) atque Bononia (𐌀𐌍𐌔𐌋𐌄𐌚 vel 𐌀𐌍𐌆𐌋𐌄𐌚), urbesque perditae Atria Spinaque. Mos Etruscus longe ad septentrionem atque ad meridiem pandit.

Notae

  1. ↑ Clio 94

Bibliographia

Nexus interni

Nexus externi

Antecessor:
Cultura Villanovana 		Cultura Italica aetatis Ferri
Saec. IX a.C.n.-Saec. II a.C.n. 		Successor:
Romani


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