티그라이 인민해방전선

티그라이 인민해방전선(티그리냐어: ህዝባዊ ወያነ ሓርነት ትግራይ, 약칭 TPLF)은 에티오피아의 정당이다. 공식 기록에 따르면 1975년 2월 18일 티그라이주 북부의 데데비트에서 창당되었다고 한다.[1] 창당 초기 소수 인원에 불과하던 이 단체는 16년 만에 에티오피아 최대의 해방군으로 성장하였다.[2] 1989년부터 에티오피아 인민혁명민주전선(EPRDF) 연합을 이끌어 왔다. 동맹 단체인 에리트레아 인민해방전선(EPLF)의 도움으로 EPRDF는 에티오피아 인민민주공화국 독재 체제를 종식시키고 1991년 5월 28년 정권을 수립해 장기집권을 해왔다.[3] TPLF와 EPLF는 아프리카에서 유이하게 강력한 군부 세력을 꺾고 승리를 이뤄낸 해방전선인데, 이들은 오랫동안 지속된 민족 내전을 거쳐 인민민주공화국 체제를 종식시키는 데 성공했다. 이 둘은 또한 민족자결과 급진적 사회경제적 변화를 위해 투쟁한 유이한 전선이기도 하다.[4] 2021년 1월 8일 에티오피아 정부는 이 단체를 테러 조직으로 지정하고 정당 등록을 취소하였다.[5]

각주

  1. ↑ 〈Tigray People's Liberation Front〉. 《Enclylopaedia Aethiopica》. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag. 2003. 
  2. ↑ Berhe, Kahsay (2005). 《Ethiopia: Democratization and Unity-The Role of the Tigray People's Liberation Front》. Münster. 
  3. ↑ Hammond, Jenny (1999). 《Fire from the Ashes: a Chronicle of the Revolution in Tigray, Ethiopia, 1975-1991》. Lawrenceville. 
  4. ↑ Young, John (1997). 《Peasant Revolutions in Ethiopia, the Tigrai People's Liberation Front, 1975-1911》. Cambridge. 
  5. ↑ Gebre, Samuel (2021년 1월 18일). “Ethiopia Pulls Tigray Party License Ahead of June Elections”. 《Bloomberg》 (미국 영어). 2021년 8월 6일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2021년 1월 19일에 확인함. 
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