방향 화합물

향수병.

방향 화합물(芳香 化合物) 또는 아로마(aroma)는 향기가 나는 화합물이다. 일반적으로 휘발성을 띄고 있어 사람의 후각 기관까지 향기를 전달할 수 있도록 되어 있으며, 일반적인 향 또는 향수와는 달리 냄새뿐만 아니라 맛에도 영향을 주며, 일반적으로 방향 화합물은 분자 질량이 300 미만인 것들로 이루어져 있으며, 종류는 크게 자연적으로 발생하는 것과 인위적으로 발생하는 것으로 분류된다.[1]

방향 화합물은 음식, 포도주, 향신료, 향수, 향유, 방향유 등 다양한 분야에서 이용되며, 특히 맛의 풍미를 더해주는 특성으로 인해 식품업에서 중요한 역할을 담당한다.

구조별 방향 화합물

에스터

화합물 이름 향 자연 발생 화학 구조
아세트산게라닐 과일 향이 강한 장미 장미,
꽃 향기
포름산메틸 에테르성
아세트산메틸 달콤한, 네일 폴리시
용매
프로피온산메틸
Methyl propanoate 		달콤한, 과일 향이 강한 럼 계열
부티르산메틸
Methyl butanoate 		과일 향이 강한 사과
파인애플 		파인애플
아세트산에틸 달콤한, 용매 포도주
뷰티르산에틸
Ethyl butanoate 		과일 향이 강한 오렌지
파인애플
초산이소아밀 과일 향이 강한 바나나
배나무속 		바나나
부티르산 펜틸
Pentyl butanoate 		과일 향이 강한 배나무속
살구
en:Pentyl pentanoate 과일 향이 강한 사과
아세트산옥틸 과일 향이 강한 오렌지
아세트산벤질 과일 향이 강한 딸기 딸기
안트라닐산메틸 과일 향이 강한 포도

Linear-terpenes

화합물 이름 향 자연 발생 화학 구조
Myrcene 나무 향, 복합 베르베나, 베이 리프
게라니올 장미, 꽃 향기 제라늄, 레몬
네롤 스윗 로즈, 꽃 향기 en:Neroli, en:Lemongrass
시트랄, lemonal
Geranial, neral 		레몬 en:Lemon myrtle, en:Lemongrass
en:Citronellal 레몬 en:Lemongrass
en:Citronellol 레몬 en:Lemongrass, 장미
en:Pelargonium
en:Linalool 꽃 향기, 달콤한
나무 향, 라벤더 		고수 (식물), 바질
라벤더
en:Nerolidol 나무 향, 신선한 나무껍질 en:Neroli, 생강
재스민

Cyclic-terpenes

화합물 이름 향 자연 발생 화학 구조
리모넨 오렌지 오렌지, 레몬
장뇌 장뇌 Camphor laurel
박하뇌 박하뇌 멘타
en:Carvone1 캐러웨이 또는 en:Spearmint 캐러웨이, 딜,
스피어민트
en:Terpineol 라일락 라일락, en:cajuput
alpha-Ionone 바이올렛, 나무 향 바이올렛
투욘 민트 향 웜우드, 라일락,
향나무속
en:Eucalyptol 유칼립투스 유칼립투스

방향성

화합물 이름 향 자연 발생 화학 구조
벤즈알데하이드 아몬드 아몬드
유제놀 정향나무 정향나무
계피알데히드 계피 계수
계피
에틸 말톨 요리된 과일
캐러멜이 된 설탕
바닐린 바닐라 바닐라
아니솔 아니스 아니스
아네톨 아니스 아니스
바질
에스트라골 타라곤 타라곤
티몰 백리향 백리향

아민

화합물 이름 향 자연 발생 화학 구조
트리메틸아민 비린내
암모니아
푸트레신
다이아미노부탄 		썩은 고기 썩은 고기
카다베린 썩은 고기 썩은 고기
피리딘 비린내 벨라돈나
인돌 배설물
꽃향기 		똥
자스민
스카톨 배설물 똥
(희석된) 오렌지 블로섬

기타 방향 화합물

알코올

알데하이드

에스터

케톤

락톤

티올

 이 부분의 본문은 티올입니다.

기타 화합물

같이 보기

각주

  1. ↑ Fahlbusch, Karl-Georg; Hammerschmidt, Franz-Josef; Panten, Johannes; Pickenhagen, Wilhelm; Schatkowski, Dietmar; Bauer, Kurt; Garbe, Dorothea; Surburg, Horst (2003년). “Flavors and Fragrances”. 《Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry》 (Wiley-VCH). doi:10.1002/14356007.a11_141. 
  2. ↑ Gane, S; Georganakis, D; Maniati, K; Vamvakias, M; Ragoussis, N; Skoulakis, EMC; Turin, L (2013). “Molecular-vibration-sensing component in human-olfaction”. 《PLoS ONE》 8: e55780. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0055780. PMC 3555824. PMID 23372854. 
  3. ↑ 가 나 Glindemann, D.; Dietrich, A.; Staerk, H.; Kuschk, P. (2005). “The Two Odors of Iron when Touched or Pickled: (Skin) Carbonyl Compounds and Organophosphines”. 《en:Angewandte Chemie International Edition》 45 (42): 7006–7009. doi:10.1002/anie.200602100. PMID 17009284. 
  4. ↑ Block, E. (2010). 《Garlic and Other Alliums: The Lore and the Science》. Royal Society of Chemistry. ISBN 0-85404-190-7. 
  5. ↑ Lin, D.Y.; Zhang, S.Z.; Block, E.; Katz, L.C. (2005). “Encoding social-signals in the mouse-main-olfactory bulb”. 《Nature》 434: 470–477. doi:10.1038/nature03414. PMID 15724148. 

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