크누트 함순

크누트 함순
작가 정보
출생
바가, 구드브란스달렌
사망
그림스타드
국적노르웨이
언어노르웨이어, 덴마크어
직업작가, 시인, 소설가, 극작가, 평론가, 작가
사조신낭만주의
수상노벨 문학상 (1920)
예술과 과학을 위한 괴테 메달
주요 작품
굶주림, 땅의 혜택
영향
영향 받은 인물아르투어 쇼펜하우어, 비에른스티에르네 비에른손, 바이런 경, 아우구스트 스트린드베리, 프리드리히 니체, 표도르 도스토옙스키
서명

묘비
묘소Nørholm

크누트 함순(노르웨이어: Knut Hamsun, 본명 크누드 페데르센(노르웨이어: Knud Pedersen) 1859년 8월 4일 ~ 1952년 2월 19일)은 노르웨이소설가이다. 노르웨이 구드브란스달렌(노르웨이어: Gudbrandsdalen)의 바가(노르웨이어: Vågå) 출생으로[1], 롬(노르웨이어: Lom), 외위스테세(노르웨이어: Øystese) 등을 전전하며 생활을 하다가 1882년, 1886년 두 번 미국으로 건너가 농장 노동자, 판매원 등으로 생활하며 마크 트웨인의 소설 등을 접했다. 미니애폴리스에서 생활하며 미국 무정부주의와도 교류하였다. 1888년 귀국하여 코펜하겐에 정착했으며, 1890년에 소설 《굶주림》을 발표했다. 1891년부터 순회 강연을 다니며 헨리크 입센, 비에른스티에르네 비에른손 등에 대한 비판을 개진했다. 1899년 핀란드, 러시아, 조지아와 튀르키예 일대를 여행하고 이 때의 경험을 바탕으로 연극 《여왕 타마라》를 썼다. 신낭만주의를 대표하는 작가로 명성을 얻었다. 작품에 소설 《신비》, 《처녀지》와 희곡 《제국의 문턱에서》, 《투쟁 생활》 등이 있다. 1920년 노벨 문학상을 수상했다.

앤더스 비어 와일스가 촬영한 크누트 함순, 1914년

함순은 영국 자본의 노르웨이 진출과 보어 전쟁을 목격하면서 영국에 대한 반감을 가졌으며, 미국 생활에서 느낀 환멸은 그를 자본주의에 대한 비판자로 만들었다. 점차 우익으로 기운 함순은 제2차 세계대전으로 노르웨이가 나치 독일에게 점령된 이후에 여러 차례 노르웨이인들이 독일 점령군에 협력할 것을 호소했으며, 아돌프 히틀러나치즘을 공개적으로 지지했다. 이로 인해 전후에 가택연금되었고, 반역죄로 기소되었다. 정신적 문제, 고령의 나이를 고려하여 형사 처벌은 면하였으나 325,000 크로네의 보상금을 지불하였다.[2]

1949년 마지막 작품인 《풀이 무성한 길에서》(노르웨이어: På gjengrodde stier)를 출간한 함순은 1952년 그림스타드에 있는 자택 뇌어홀름(노르웨이어: Nørholm)에서 사망했다.

각주

  1. 함순이 바가에서 출생했는지, 근방의 롬에서 출생했는지는 불분명하다. 함순이 태어날 당시 함순의 아버지는 바가의 농장을 소유하고 있었고, 롬의 농장을 임대하고 있었다. 함순의 출생지는 바가로 구전되지만, 본인은 바가와 롬을 번갈아 언급하였다. 함순의 전기 작가인 라스 라르센(Lars Frode Larsen)은 함순의 출생지를 바가로 추측했다.
  2. Rottem, Øystein (2020년 2월 25일). “Knut Hamsun”. 2023년 1월 2일에 확인함. 

외부 링크

Read other articles:

Jalan Raden Ajeng Kartini atau Jalan Terusan Simatupang adalah salah satu jalan utama di Jakarta. Nama jalan ini diambil dari nama salah satu pahlawan Indonesia dan tokoh emansipasi wanita Indonesia, Raden Ajeng Kartini. Jalan ini menghubungkan wilayah Bintaro, Pondok Indah, dan Cilandak . Jalan ini membentang sepanjang 3,8 kilometer dari persimpangan Jalan Fatmawati sampai Gerbang Tol Ciputat 2 Jalan Tol Lingkar Luar Jakarta S. Jalan ini bersingungan dengan Jalan Tol Lingkar Luar Jakarta S. ...

 

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Toys in the Attic song – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) 1975 single by AerosmithToys in the AtticSingle by Aerosmithfrom the album Toys in the Attic A-sideYou See Me CryingReleas...

 

US Coast Guard officer and white nationalist (born c. 1969) Christopher Paul HassonBornc. 1969NationalityAmericanCriminal penalty160 months' imprisonment[1]Children2 Christopher Paul Hasson (born c. 1969) is a former United States Coast Guard lieutenant and self-described white nationalist who pleaded guilty to federal gun and drug crimes in 2019,[2] and the following year was sentenced to more than 13 years in prison.[3] Although not charged with a terrori...

PausAdrianus IVAwal masa kepausan4 Desember 1154Akhir masa kepausan1 September 1159PendahuluAnastasius IVPenerusAleksander IIIInformasi pribadiNama lahirNicholas BreakspearLahir±1100Hertfordshire, InggrisWafat1 September 1159Anagni, ItaliaPaus lainnya yang bernama Adrianus Adrianus IV, nama lahir Nicholas Breakspear (Hertfordshire, Inggris, ±1100 – Anagni, Italia, 1 September 1159), adalah Paus Gereja Katolik Roma sejak 4 Desember 1154 sampai 1 September 1159. lbs Paus Gereja Katolik Daft...

 

Radio station in Lancaster, KentuckyWRNZLancaster, KentuckyBroadcast areaLancasterDanvilleNicholasvilleLexingtonFrequency105.1 MHzBrandingZ105ProgrammingFormatHot adult contemporaryOwnershipOwnerHometown Broadcasting of Lancaster, Inc.Sister stationsWHBN, WHIRHistoryFirst air dateOctober 1, 1988; 35 years ago (1988-10-01) [1]Former call signsWHBK (1987-1988)WTCF (1988-1988)Call sign meaningThe Z in WRNZ is used in Z105 brandingTechnical informationFacility ID27548Cla...

 

College basketball team Purdue Boilermakers 2023–24 Purdue Boilermakers women's basketball team UniversityPurdue UniversityHead coachKatie Gearlds (3rd season)ConferenceBig TenLocationWest Lafayette, IndianaArenaMackey Arena (Capacity: 14,804)NicknameBoilermakersStudent sectionGold MineColorsOld gold and black[1]   Uniforms Home Away Alternate NCAA tournament champions1999NCAA tournament runner-up2001NCAA tournament Final Four1994, 1999, 2001NCAA tournament ...

Village development committee in Gandaki Zone, NepalKhangsar खाङसारVillage development committeeKhangsarKhangsarLocation in NepalShow map of Gandaki ProvinceKhangsarKhangsar (Nepal)Show map of NepalCoordinates: 28°40′11″N 83°58′24″E / 28.669722°N 83.973333°E / 28.669722; 83.973333Country   NepalZoneGandaki ZoneDistrictManang DistrictPopulation (2011)[1] • Total257Time zoneUTC+5:45 (Nepal Time)Area code+977...

 

Military rank of the United States This article is about a United States military rank. For other countries that use a similar rank, see Lieutenant general. Lieutenant generalThree-star insignia of the rank of lieutenant general. Style and method of wear may vary between different uniforms and different service branches. Shoulder boardsCountry United StatesService branchArmyMarine CorpsAir ForceSpace ForceAbbreviationLTG (Army)LtGen (Marine Corps)Lt Gen (Air Force and Space Force)RankThr...

 

41st episode of the 2nd season of Wednesday Theatre Twelfth NightWednesday Theatre episodeEpisode no.Season 2Episode 41Directed byKen HannamOriginal air date12 October 1966 (1966-10-12)Running time90 mins[1][2]Episode chronology ← PreviousFlight into Danger Next →The Runaway List of episodes Twelfth Night is the 41st episode of the second season of the Australian anthology TV series Wednesday Theatre and is based on the play of the same name ...

Linux standard for directory structure Filesystem Hierarchy StandardAbbreviationFHSStatusPublishedYear started14 February 1994; 30 years ago (1994-02-14)Latest version3.03 June 2015; 8 years ago (2015-06-03)OrganizationLinux FoundationDomainDirectory structureWebsiteOfficial websiteOfficial website (Historical) The Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) is a reference describing the conventions used for the layout of Unix-like systems. It has been made popular...

 

此條目可能包含不适用或被曲解的引用资料,部分内容的准确性无法被证實。 (2023年1月5日)请协助校核其中的错误以改善这篇条目。详情请参见条目的讨论页。 各国相关 主題列表 索引 国内生产总值 石油储量 国防预算 武装部队(军事) 官方语言 人口統計 人口密度 生育率 出生率 死亡率 自杀率 谋杀率 失业率 储蓄率 识字率 出口额 进口额 煤产量 发电量 监禁率 死刑 国债 ...

 

1973 studio album by Loleatta HollowayLoleattaStudio album by Loleatta HollowayReleased1973RecordedThe Sound Pit(Atlanta, Georgia)GenreR&BLabelAwareProducerFloyd SmithLoleatta Holloway chronology Loleatta(1973) Cry to Me(1975) Professional ratingsReview scoresSourceRatingAllmusic[1] Loleatta is the debut studio album recorded by American singer Loleatta Holloway, released in 1973 on the Aware label. History The album features the singles Mother of Shame, which peaked at #6...

Губерния Российской империиПолтавская губерния Герб 49°34′28″ с. ш. 34°34′07″ в. д.HGЯO Страна  Российская империя Адм. центр Полтава История и география Дата образования 1802 год Дата упразднения 1 августа 1925 года Площадь 43 844,0 вёрст2 (49 894 км2) Население Население ...

 

Domesticated ruminant bred for meat, wool, and milk This article is about the domesticated species of sheep. For other species, see Ovis. For other uses, see Sheep (disambiguation). Domestic sheep Conservation status Domesticated Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Artiodactyla Family: Bovidae Subfamily: Caprinae Tribe: Caprini Genus: Ovis Species: O. aries Binomial name Ovis ariesLinnaeus, 1758 Synonyms Ovis guineensis Li...

 

Organized revolts in Italy Revolutions of 1848 in the Italian statesPart of the Revolutions of 1848 and the First Italian War of IndependenceEpisode from the Five Days of Milan, painting by Baldassare VerazziDate12 January — 27 October 1848(9 months, 2 weeks and 1 day)LocationItalyResult The Revolutions fail; some insurgent states obtain liberal constitutions, but they are all soon abolished with the exception of that of the Kingdom of Sardinia (Albertine Statute).Territorial...

This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources.Find sources: 2023–24 Superliga men's handball – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (July 2023) Football league seasonPolish SuperligaSeason2023–24Dates30 August 2023 – 25/26 May 2024Matches played182Goals scored10,525 (57.83 per match)← ...

 

يفتقر محتوى هذه المقالة إلى الاستشهاد بمصادر. فضلاً، ساهم في تطوير هذه المقالة من خلال إضافة مصادر موثوق بها. أي معلومات غير موثقة يمكن التشكيك بها وإزالتها. (يوليو 2019) هذه المقالة تحتاج للمزيد من الوصلات للمقالات الأخرى للمساعدة في ترابط مقالات الموسوعة. فضلًا ساعد في تحسي...

 

Municipal governing body of the City of Vaughan, Ontario, Canada Vaughan City CouncilTypeTypeCity council Term limitsNoneHistoryNew session startedNovember 15, 2022LeadershipMayor of VaughanSteven Del Duca since November 15, 2022 StructureSeats1 Mayor4 Regional Councillors5 Ward CouncillorsLength of term4 yearsElectionsLast electionOctober 24, 2022Next election2026Meeting placeVaughan City HallVaughan, OntarioWebsiteVaughan City Hall Vaughan City Council is the lower-tier municipal governing ...

This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources.Find sources: 1804 United States presidential election in North Carolina – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2024) Main article: 1804 United States presidential election 1804 United States presidential election in North Carolina ← 1800 N...

 

Untuk kegunaan lain, lihat Lares (disambiguasi). Lar memegang sebuah cornucopia dari Axatiana (sekarang Lora del Rio) di Spanyol Romawi, awal abad ke-1 M (Museum Arkeologi Nasional Spanyol). Lares (/ˈlɛəriːz, ˈleɪriːz/;[1] bahasa Latin: Larēs pengucapan Latin: [ˈla.reːs], archaic Lases, singular Lar), adalah dewa penjaga dalam agama Romawi kuno. Asal usul mereka tak jelas; mereka adalah pahlawan-leluhur, penjaga tungku api, ladang, perbatasan, atau pembuahan hasil, ...