염화 알루미늄

염화 알루미늄
Aluminium(III) chloride
Aluminium trichloride dimer
이름
IUPAC 이름
aluminium chloride
별칭
aluminium(III) chloride
aluminum trichloride
식별자
3D 모델 (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.028.371
EC 번호
  • 231-208-1
1876
RTECS 번호
  • BD0530000
UNII
  • InChI=1S/Al.3ClH/h;3*1H/q+3;;;/p-3 예
    Key: VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 예
  • InChI=1/Al.3ClH/h;3*1H/q+3;;;/p-3
    Key: VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-DFZHHIFOAR
성질
AlCl3
몰 질량 133.341 g/mol (anhydrous)
241.432 g/mol (hexahydrate)[1]
겉보기 white or pale yellow solid,
흡습성
밀도 2.48 g/cm3 (anhydrous)
2.398 g/cm3 (hexahydrate)[1]
녹는점 192.6 °C (378.7 °F; 465.8 K)
(anhydrous)[1]
100 °C (212 °F; 373 K)
(hexahydrate, dec.)[1]
끓는점 180 °C (356 °F; 453 K) (sublimes)[1]
439 g/l (0 °C)
449 g/l (10 °C)
458 g/l (20 °C)
466 g/l (30 °C)
473 g/l (40 °C)
481 g/l (60 °C)
486 g/l (80 °C)
490 g/l (100 °C)
용해도 soluble in hydrogen chloride, ethanol, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride
slightly soluble in benzene
증기 압력 133.3 Pa (99 °C)
13.3 kPa (151 °C)[2]
점도 0.35 cP (197 °C)
0.26 cP (237 °C)[2]
구조
단사정계, mS16
C12/m1, No. 12[3]
a = 0.591 nm, b = 0.591 nm, c = 1.752 nm[3]
0.52996 nm3
6
Octahedral (solid)
Tetrahedral (liquid)
Trigonal planar
(단량체ic vapour)
열화학
91.1 J/mol·K[4]
109.3 J/mol·K[4]
−704.2 kJ/mol[4]
-628.8 kJ/mol[4]
약리학
D10AX01 (WHO)
위험
GHS 그림문자 GHS05: Corrosive[5]GHS06: Toxic
신호어 위험
H314[5]
P280, P310, P305+351+338[5]
NFPA 704 (파이어 다이아몬드)
NFPA 704 four-colored diamondFlammability code 0: Will not burn. E.g. waterHealth code 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g. chlorine gasReactivity code 2: Undergoes violent chemical change at elevated temperatures and pressures, reacts violently with water, or may form explosive mixtures with water. E.g. white phosphorusSpecial hazards (white): no code
0
3
2
반수 치사량 또는 반수 치사농도 (LD, LC):
anhydrous:
380 mg/kg, rat (oral)
hexahydrate:
3311 mg/kg, rat (oral)
NIOSH (미국 건강 노출 한계):
PEL (허용)
none[6]
REL (권장)
2 mg/m3[6]
IDLH (직접적 위험)
N.D.[6]
관련 화합물
다른 음이온
en:Aluminium fluoride
en:Aluminium bromide
en:Aluminium iodide
다른 양이온
en:Boron trichloride
en:Gallium trichloride
en:Indium(III) chloride
en:Magnesium chloride
en:Iron(III) chloride
en:Boron trifluoride
달리 명시된 경우를 제외하면, 표준상태(25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa)에서 물질의 정보가 제공됨.
아니오아니오 확인 (관련 정보 예아니오아니오 ?)

염화 알루미늄(Aluminium chloride, AlCl3) 또는 알루미늄 삼염화물(aluminium trichloride)은 화학식 AlCl3(H2O)n (n = 0 or 6)을 지니는 화합물을 가리킨다. 비율이 1:3인 알루미늄염소 원자로 구성된다. 둘 다 흰 고체이지만 샘플은 종종 염화철(III)과 오염되는 경우가 있어 노란색을 띈다.

무수물은 상업적으로 중요하다. 녹는점/끓는점이 낮다. 알루미늄 금속 생산에 주로 생산/소비되지만 화학 산업의 다른 분야에서 대량으로 사용되기도 한다.[7] 이 화합물은 루이스산으로 인용되기도 한다. 이는 온화한 온도에서 중합체에서 단량체로 거꾸로 되돌리는 무기 화합물의 한 예이다.

안전

무수물 AlCl3염기와 격렬하게 반응하므로 적절한 주의가 필요하다. 흡입하거나 접촉하는 경우 안구, 피부, 호흡계에 자극을 줄 수 있다.[8]

각주

  1. Haynes, William M., 편집. (2011). 《CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics》 92판. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. 4.45쪽. ISBN 1439855110. 
  2. Aluminum chloride 보관됨 2014-05-05 - 웨이백 머신. Chemister.ru (2007-03-19). Retrieved on 2017-03-17.
  3. Ketelaar, J. A. A. (1935). “Die Kristallstruktur der Aluminiumhalogenide II”. 《Zeitschrift für Kristallographie – Crystalline Materials》 90 (1–6). doi:10.1524/zkri.1935.90.1.237. S2CID 100796636. 
  4. Haynes, William M., 편집. (2011). 《CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics》 92판. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. 5.5쪽. ISBN 1439855110. 
  5. Sigma-Aldrich Co. Retrieved on 2014-05-05.
  6. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. “#0024”. 미국 국립 직업안전위생연구소 (NIOSH). 
  7. Helmboldt, Otto; Keith Hudson, L.; Misra, Chanakya; Wefers, Karl; Heck, Wolfgang; Stark, Hans; Danner, Max; Rösch, Norbert (2007), 〈Aluminum Compounds, Inorganic〉, 《울만 공업화학 백과사전(Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry)》, Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, doi:10.1002/14356007.a01_527.pub2 
  8. Aluminum Chloride. solvaychemicals.us

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