미오신

마이오신(영어: myosin)은 근육 단백질의 주요 성분으로 발견된다. 글로불린 모양이며, 분자량은 50만~60만이다. 거의 불용성에 가까운 젤(gel)을 형성하기 때문에 근육의 수축과 이완에 중요한 역할을 한다. 1942년에 센트죄르지 얼베르트가 발견하였다.

3차원 분자모터

마이오신은 근육 수축과 진핵생물의 광범위한 다른 운동 과정에서 그들의 역할로 가장 잘 알려진 운동 단백질의 슈퍼 패밀리이다. 그들은 ATP 의존적이고 액틴 기반 운동성을 담당한다. 이 용어는 원래 줄무늬 근육 조직과 평활근 조직의 세포에서 발견되는 유사한 ATPase 그룹을 설명하는 데 사용되었다. 가시아메바(Acanthamoeba castellanii)에서 마이오신 유사 기능을 가진 효소에 대한 폴라드(Pollard)와 콘(Korn)의 발견에 따라, 진핵생물의 영역 전체에 걸쳐 광범위한 다양한 마이오신 유전자가 발견되었다.[1] 마이오신의 기능은 ATP의 에너지대사 과정에서의 대표적인 역할로서 마이오신 모터로 잘 알려진 분자모터의 3차원 모델을 잘 설명해준다.

마이오신 중쇄

마이오신 중쇄(MHC, myosin heavy chain)와 마이오신 경쇄(MLC, myosin light chain)로 이루어진 마이오신은 수축근육섬유(twitch fiber)의 특수한 특성을 결정함으로써 근육의 수축에 관여하며 골격근에서 보다 많이 존재하는 단백질 덩어리이다.

같이 보기

각주

  1. ↑ Pollard TD, Korn ED (July 1973). “Acanthamoeba myosin. I. Isolation from Acanthamoeba castellanii of an enzyme similar to muscle myosin”. 《The Journal of Biological Chemistry》 248 (13): 4682–90. PMID 4268863. 2016년 1월 6일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 

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