ონფრუა III ტორონელი

ონფრუა III ტორონელი
Onfroy III de Toron
ტრანსიორდანიის ლორდი
მმართ. დასაწყისი: 1168
მმართ. დასასრული: 1173
წინამორბედი: ბეატრის დე ბრიზებარი
მემკვიდრე: მილ დე პლანსი
პირადი ცხოვრება
დაბ. თარიღი: 1141
გარდ. თარიღი: 1173
მეუღლე: სტეფანია დე მილი
შვილები: ონფრუა IV
ისაბელა
მამა: ონფრუა II ტორონელი
რელიგია: კათოლიციზმი

ონფრუა III ტორონელი (ფრანგ. Onfroy III de Toron; ლათ. Henfredus the Torono)[1] — ონფრუა II ტორონელის ვაჟი და ონფრუა IV ტორონელის მამა. 1160 წლის 21 ივლისს მან წმინდა საკრამენტის ტაძარს შესწირა შეწირულობა, რაც აისახა სიგელში.[2] 1163 წელს იქორწინა სტეფანია დე მილზე, რომელიც იყო ტრანსიორდანიის მემკვიდრე. 1168 წლიდან ონფრუა იყო ტრანსიორდანიის ლორდი. მის დროს ტორონში მოიჭრა პირველი მონეტა, რომელსაც დღემდე არ მოუღწევია.[3] 1173 წელს ნურ ად-დინ ზენგიმ ალყა შემოარტყა კერაკის ციხესიმაგრეს, მაგრამ ონფრუამ შეძლო მისი მოგერიება.[4] 1179 წელს მისი შვილი ონფრუა IV გახდა ტორონის ლორდი, რომელმაც ტიტული მისი პაპისგან — ონფრუა II-სგან მიიღო. ამ დროს ონფრუა III უკვე გარდაცვლილი იყო (1173). მისი ქალიშვილი ისაბელა ტორონელი დაქორწინდა კილიკიის ლორდ რუბენ III-ზე.

ლიტერატურა

  • Hamilton, Bernard (2000). The Leper King and His Heirs: Baldwin IV and the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-64187-6.
  • Runciman, Steven (1989a). A History of the Crusades, Volume II: The Kingdom of Jerusalem and the Frankish East, 1100-1187. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-06163-6.

რესურსები ინტერნეტში

სქოლიო

  1. ↑ ვილჰელმ ტვიროსელი, Lignages d'Outremer, translated by Marciana Ms. Francese 20 CC.LXXXXI, p. 65.
  2. ↑ kronieke du Saint-Sépulchre de Jerusalem, 144, p. 262.
  3. ↑ Prawer, Joshua (1972). The Latin Kingdom Of Jerusalem. Weidenfeld and Nicolson, გვ. 391. ISBN 0297993976. 
  4. ↑ Steven Runciman (1978), Vol. 2, p. 396.

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