William Martin (naturalis)

William Martin
Lair1767
Mansfield
Pati31 Mèi 1810 (yuswa 42–43)
Macclesfield
Pakaryanguru
Kondhang ingpaleontolog ingkang kapisan ngandharaken karya panalitèn fosil ing Inggris[1]
AnakWilliam Charles Linnaeus Martin lan 5 sanèsipun.

William Martin (1767 – 31 Mèi 1810) inggih punika satunggaling naturalis lan palaeontolog ingkang paring pamanggih bilih ngèlmu kawruh kedah ngginakaken fosil minangka bukti kanggé njurung panalitèn sajarah alam.[2] Martin ngandharaken gambar-gambar fosil kapisan lan ngèlmu kawruh babagan fosil wonten ing Basa Inggris.

Biografi

Martin wiyos wonten ing Mansfield nalika taun 1767. Bapakipun nyambut damel wonten ing usaha busana njero, nanging piyambakipun nilaraken lan dados aktor ing Irlandia mawi pertunjukan kanthi nama Joseph Booth. Bapakipun ugi panemu lan pelukis potret ingkang séda wonten ing London taun 1797.[1] Ibu Martin ingkang dipunsiya-siya kanthi nama Mallatratt, ugi satunggaling.[3]

Erismolithus – satunggaling gambar mawi warna saking publikasinipun taun 1809 Petrificata derbiensia[4]

Nalika taksih alit William Martin medal ing panggung, minangka penari kanthi umur 5 taun. Lajeng piyambakipun minangka pamaos deklamasi. William Martin sinau nggambar ngginakaken mistar gambar kaliyanJames Bolton ing Halifax. Saking taun 1782 dumugi 1785 piyambakipun sareng kaliyan rombongan drama Derbyshire nalika piyambakipun kepanggih White Watson wonten ing mriku lajeng nyambut damel sesarengan anggènipun nggarap fosil Derbyshire.[1] Pakaryanipun kaliyan fosil lan sajarah alam lajeng ngrahaken kanggé dipunangkat dados anggota Linnaean Society. Kados déné Watson, Martin dipunprabawai déning karya geolog Derbyshire, John Whitehurst. Whitehurst ngandharaken An Inquiry into the Original State and Formation of the Earth taun 1778 ingkang gadhah pratélan isi wigati babagan General Observations on the Strata in Derbyshire.[2] Nanging punika Abraham Mills FRS ingkang paring prabawa marang William Martin saking ngèlmu kéwan zoologi (zoology) marang paleontologi ing sawijining wekdal sadèrèngipun taun 1789.[1] Martin ngandharaken Figures and Descriptions of Petrifications collected in Derbyshire taun 1793.[5]

Satunggaling ilustrasi Martin – Rugosa. Punika ilustrasi warna kapisan kanggé fosil Inggris.[1]

Martin makarya kaliyan White Watson kanggé publikasi sesarengan,[6] nanging makarya sareng punika boten kelampahan kanthi saé nalika Watson ngaturaken bilih piyambakipun boten pikantuk penghargaan ingkang cekap. Martin lajeng ngandharaken sapérangan karyanipun Watson babagan fosil namung ngginakaken namanipun tanpa maringi penghargaan marang Watson.[7] Martin pikantuk enem laré kaliyan garwanipun ingkang medal ing panggung sadèrèngipun krama kaping kalih kaliyan Martin taun 1797.[3] Taun 1798 larénipun William Charles Linnaeus Martin wiyos lan dipunparingi nama Linnaeus kanggé mengeti remenipun Martin marang pérangan klasifikasi makluk gesang. Larénipun nyerat kathah buku babagan sajarah alam bibar dados pekerja ilmiah ing Zoological Society.[8] Martin nyambut damel minangka guru penulis, resminipun nyambut damel Burton-on-Trent taun 1798, lajeng ing Buxton. Pungkasan ing taun 1805 piyambakipun pindhah dhateng Macclesfield papan piyambakipun mulang ing Sekolah Basa Macclesfield.[1] Remenipun Martin marang alam boten ical lan piyambakipun ngirim artefak dhateng James Sowerby ingkang lajeng damel ilustrasi kanggé Martin.[1]

Tilaran

Pakaryan William Martin babagan brakiopoda pikantuk penghargaan taun 1844 nalika génus Martinia dipunparingi nama saking namanipun Martin. Pitung taun salajengipun piyambakipun dipunèling nalika koral fosil Derbyshire Lithostrotion martini dipunparingi nama.[1]

Cathetan suku

  1. a b c d e f g h H. S. Torrens, ‘Martin, William (1767–1810)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004 [1]
  2. a b Dick, Malcolm. "John Whitehurst and 18th Century Geology". revolutionaryplayers.org.uk/.
  3. a b Highfill, Philip H. (1973). Belfort to Byz and. kc. 232–3. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (pitulung)
  4. Petrificata Derbiensia, William Martin, 1809.
  5. Cleevely, R.J. (1983). kc. 365 [World palaeontological collections World palaeontological collections]. {{cite book}}: Check |url= value (pitulung); Missing or empty |title= (pitulung)
  6. "Derbyshire's Men of Science" (PDF). Derbyshire.gov.uk. Diarsip saka sing asli (PDF) ing 2012-03-15. Dibukak ing 2013-03-21.
  7. Cooper, Michael P. (30 April 2005). "The Devonshire Mineral Collection of Chatsworth House". Mineralogical Record.
  8. Parker, J. (1864). "The Gentleman's Magazine". The gentleman's magazine and historical review p.536. 216.

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