野宿火

竹原春泉画『絵本百物語』より「野宿火」

野宿火(のじゅくび)は、江戸時代の奇談集『絵本百物語』にある日本怪火の一種。

概要

『絵本百物語』本文の記述によれば、田舎道、街道、山中などで、誰かが火を焚いたかのように現れる細い火であり、特に人が集まって去った後や遊山に行った人が去った後に現れ、消えたかと思うと燃え上がり、燃えたかと思えば消え、これを繰り返すとある[1]

「雨の後(のち)などに然立(もえたち)たるを木(こ)の間(ま)がくれにみれば、人のつどひてものいふさまなどにことならず[2]」とあることから、雨降りの後などに木々の間から野宿火をそっと覗くと、その周囲から人の話し声が聞こえたとする説もある[3]鬼火の一種であり、火と言っても熱は発さず、周囲の木を燃やしたりすることはないとする解釈もある[4]

類話

寛保時代の雑書『諸国里人談』には「森囃」(もりばやし)と題して以下のような話が述べられており、『絵本百物語』の「野宿火」は、この「森囃」を描いたものと考えられている[5]

享保時代初期。信濃坂(現在の岐阜県中津川市長野県阿智村の境にある神坂峠)である年の夏、毎晩のようにどこからか囃子の音が聞こえ、笛や太鼓や数人の声が十(約1キロメートル)四方に響くようになった。それらの音は近くの森の中から音がすることが次第にわかったが、その場所では篝火が焚かれているのみで、人の姿はなく、ただ囃子の音だけがしていた。翌朝にその場所を見ると、木の枝の燃えさし、1尺ほどに切られた竹などが捨てられていた。噂を聞いた人々は、面白がってこの怪異を目にしようと、その地に多くの見物人が集まるようになった。やがて、秋、冬と季節が流れるに連れて囃子の音は弱まっていったが、翌年の春頃には、謎の囃子の原因が一向につかめないことから人々は恐怖心を抱き、囃子の流れる夜になると決して外出しないようになった。春が過ぎると囃子の音は途絶え、ついに正体はわからないままだったという[6]

脚注

  1. ^ 竹原春泉『桃山人夜話 絵本百物語』角川書店角川ソフィア文庫〉、2006年、64頁。ISBN 978-4-04-383001-5 
  2. ^ 前掲『桃山人夜話 絵本百物語』64頁より引用。
  3. ^ 水木しげる『図説 日本妖怪大全』講談社講談社+α文庫〉、1994年、357頁。ISBN 978-4-06-256049-8 
  4. ^ 草野巧『幻想動物事典』新紀元社、1997年、231頁。ISBN 978-4-88317-283-2 
  5. ^ 多田克己 編『竹原春泉 絵本百物語 -桃山人夜話-』国書刊行会、1997年、129頁。ISBN 978-4-336-03948-4 
  6. ^ 菊岡沾涼 著「諸国里人談」、柴田宵曲 編『随筆辞典』 第4巻、東京堂、1961年、424頁。 NCID BN01579660 

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