うさぎ座T星

うさぎ座T星
T Leporis[1]
仮符号・別名 HD 32803[1]
星座 うさぎ座
見かけの等級 (mv) 7.40[1]
(変光)7.4 - 14.3[2]
変光星型 ミラ型変光星 (M) [1][2]
分類 ミラ型変光星[1]
位置
元期:J2000.0
赤経 (RA, α)  05h 04m 50.8451254800s[3]
赤緯 (Dec, δ) −21° 54′ 16.520551573″[3]
固有運動 (μ) 赤経: 10.015 ミリ秒/年[3]
赤緯: -33.804 ミリ秒/年[3]
年周視差 (π) 3.0856 ± 0.1029ミリ秒[3]
(誤差3.3%)
距離 1060 ± 40 光年[注 1]
(320 ± 10 パーセク[注 1]
うさぎ座T星の位置
物理的性質
質量 2.7 M[4]
スペクトル分類 M6e-M9e[2]
有効温度 (Teff) 2,800 K[4]
他のカタログでの名称
BD -22 995[1], HIP 23636[1],
Gaia DR2 2962625495403737600[1]
Template (ノート 解説) ■Project

うさぎ座T星 (うさぎざTせい、T Leporis, T Lep) は、太陽系から約1,060光年離れた、うさぎ座の領域にある変光星

変光星としてはミラ型変光星に分類され、恒星の進化では漸近巨星分枝 (AGB) の段階にある[4]。周期約368日、7.4 - 14.3等の振幅で変光している[2]。長周期のミラ型変光星に特徴的な、水酸基ラジカルのメーザーを放出し、赤外線領域で明るい「OH/IR星」に分類されている[4]。うさぎ座T星は膨張のたびに星間空間に分子や塵を放出しており、毎年地球の質量に相当する質量を失っている[5]

2014年12月、鹿児島大学の中川亜紀治らの研究チームは、2003年から2006年にかけて行われた国立天文台VERAを用いた水メーザーのモニター観測の結果から、うさぎ座T星について、年周視差3.06 ± 0.04 ミリ秒、太陽系から距離327 ± 4 パーセク固有運動27.63 km/秒 と算出したとする研究結果を発表した[6]。この年周視差は、2020年に公表されたガイア計画の第3回早期データリリースの値3.0856 ± 0.1029 ミリ秒と誤差の範囲で一致しており、極めて高い精度であった。また同研究チームはこの値を用いて、ミラ型変光星の周期-光度関係を以下の計算式で得られるとしている[6]

MKはKバンドの絶対等級、P は変光周期)
2009年、ヨーロッパ南天天文台 (ESO) の超大型望遠鏡VLTを用いたVLT干渉計 (VLTI) によって撮像されたうさぎ座T星。太陽-地球の公転軌道と比較しているが、撮像当時はうさぎ座T星までの距離は約500光年と推定されていた[5]ため、実際にはこの比較のおよそ2倍の大きさとなる。

注釈

  1. ^ a b パーセクは1 ÷ 年周視差(秒)より計算、光年は1÷年周視差(秒)×3.2615638より計算

出典

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h V* T Lep -- Variable Star of Mira Cet type”. SIMBAD Astronomical Database. CDS. 2021年3月30日閲覧。
  2. ^ a b c d Samus’, N. N.; Kazarovets, E. V.; Durlevich, O. V.; Kireeva, N. N.; Pastukhova, E. N. (2017). “General catalogue of variable stars: Version GCVS 5.1”. Astronomy Reports 61 (1): 80-88. Bibcode2017ARep...61...80S. doi:10.1134/S1063772917010085. ISSN 1063-7729. https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-5?-ref=VIZ6062e83c5ef1&-out.add=.&-source=B/gcvs/gcvs_cat&recno=26675. 
  3. ^ a b c d e Gaia Collaboration. “Gaia data early release 3 (Gaia EDR3)”. VizieR On-line Data Catalog: I/350. Bibcode2020yCat.1350....0G. https://vizier.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/VizieR-5?-ref=VIZ6062e674410a&-out.add=.&-source=I/350/gaiaedr3&-c=076.21190266471%20-21.90473928154,eq=ICRS,rs=2&-out.orig=o. 
  4. ^ a b c d Pérez-Mesa, V.; Zamora, O.; García-Hernández, D. A. et al. (2017). “Rubidium and zirconium abundances in massive Galactic asymptotic giant branch stars revisited”. Astronomy & Astrophysics 606: A20. arXiv:1706.02268. Bibcode2017A&A...606A..20P. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201731245. ISSN 0004-6361. 
  5. ^ a b Hundred metre virtual telescope captures unique detailed colour image”. ESO (2009年2月18日). 2021年3月30日閲覧。
  6. ^ a b Nakagawa, Akiharu; Omodaka, Toshihiro; Handa, Toshihiro et al. (2014). “VLBI astrometry of AGB variables with VERA: A Mira-type variable T Lepus”. Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 66 (6): 101. arXiv:1404.4463. Bibcode2014PASJ...66..101N. doi:10.1093/pasj/psu103. ISSN 0004-6264. 

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