863計画

863計画（はちろくさんけいかく、簡体字: 863计划、英語: Program 863, Plan 863）または国家高技術研究発展計画（こっかこうぎじゅつけんきゅうはってんけいかく簡体字: 国家高技术研究发展计划、英語: State High-Tech Development Plan）は、中華人民共和国の技術高度化計画のことである。改革開放政策が盛んに行われていたころの1986年3月に発表されたことから「863」の名前がある[1]。

2016年に973計画（国家重点基礎研究発展計画）等とともに国家重点研究開発計画に統合された[2]。

概要

「863計画」は4名の研究者により提出され、「高技術研究発展計画（“863”計画）要綱」として国務院により批准された。次の９つの分野を重点にする政策である。

  1. バイオ技術分野
  2. 宇宙飛行分野
  3. 情報技術分野
  4. レーザー技術分野
  5. オートメーション技術分野
  6. エネルギー技術分野
  7. 新素材分野
  8. 海洋技術分野
  9. その他（超伝導技術など）

このうち「新素材」には、民生用・軍事用技術に重要なレアアースが鄧小平の資源戦略に基づいて盛り込まれた[3][4]。

関連項目

脚注

[脚注の使い方]
  1. ^ 科学技術振興機構研究開発戦略センター「科学技術・イノベーション政策動向報告～中国～」 2008年度、36頁
  2. ^ “「973計画」「863計画」などが統合、国家重点研究開発計画に”. 科学技術振興機構. 2020年4月3日閲覧。
  3. ^ The United States House of Representatives Select Committee on U.S. National Security and Military / Commercial Concerns with the People’s Republic of China. “The Cox Report”. Chapter 1, p. 12.
  4. ^ 経済産業省「2011年版不公正貿易報告書」244～254頁

外部リンク

スタブアイコン

この項目は、中国に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めています（P:中国/PJ:中国）。

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