重力列車

曖昧さ回避 この項目では、構想上の鉄道の概念について説明しています。位置エネルギーで移動する鉄道については「重力式鉄道」をご覧ください。

重力列車（じゅうりょくれっしゃ、英: Gravity train）は、地球上の2点を結ぶトンネル内を惑星の重力を利用して移動する構想上の交通機関。実現すれば地球上の任意の2地点間を42分で移動することができる[1]。

概要

重力を利用して列車を推進する概念は17世紀にロバート・フックがアイザック・ニュートンへ送った手紙で提案しており、19世紀にはフランス科学アカデミーで検討され、1893年にはルイス・キャロルがシルヴィーとブルーノの作中で記述していた。

原理

→「位置エネルギー」および「ポテンシャル」も参照

最速降下曲線状にトンネルを掘り、位置エネルギーを運動エネルギーに変換して進む。トンネル内は真空にして磁気浮上鉄道にすれば空気抵抗がなくなるので推進効率が高まる。実際には浮上していても渦電流により走行抵抗をゼロにするのは不可能なため、坂を上っても列車が同じ高さに戻ることはできない。よって、上り坂をリニアモーター等で引き上げる方法も考えられた。また、地球のマントルに到達するような大深度ではマントルが高温高圧の液体なのでそれに耐えうるトンネルを建設、維持する事は現時点では困難なため実現性は低いと考えられる[2]。

今後の見通し

重力列車は、SFで古くから用いられていたが、現在に至っても解決の目処の立たない問題が山積みで実現の可能性は低いと考えられる。

フィクションにおける重力列車

脚注

  1. ^ Mandal, Rahul (2021年11月29日). “What is Gravity train? How it works? Everything about Gravity train project.” (英語). cbsephysics.com. 2022年9月1日閲覧。
  2. ^ “Ask an Expert: All aboard the gravity train?” (英語). www.unsw.adfa.edu.au. 2022年9月1日閲覧。
  3. ^ “The Science of Total Recall”. blog.wolframalpha.com. 2022年9月1日閲覧。

参考文献

  • 奥猛　京谷好泰 佐貫利雄『超高速新幹線』中公新書、1971年1月。ISBN 978-4-12-100272-3。 
  • Maxham, Amanda. "Brachistochrone inside the Earth: The Gravity Train." (2008).
  • Parker, Edward. "A relativistic gravity train." arXiv preprint arXiv:1704.04026 (2017).

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