モナルキア主義

モナルキア主義（ラテン語: Monarchianismus）もしくは一位神論、単一神論 (英語: Henotheism)とは、キリスト教神学の見解の一つで、神は一つの位格しか持たないとする事を強調する立場の神学的諸説[1][2][3]。2世紀以降に登場した見解だが、神が三つの位格を持つとする三位一体の教義を採択した第1コンスタンティノポリス公会議の決定を拒否したため異端とされた。

なお、モナルキアという言葉に含まれるモノというのは、「1つ」という語義である。

概説

このモナルキア主義の発生はキリスト教のルーツと深い関係がある。本来キリスト教は厳格な一神教であるユダヤ教の中から始まった宗教運動であった。ところがキリスト教では父なる神のみならず、子なる神イエス、そして聖霊という三つの「神」をどう解釈するかという問題に突き当たることになる。モナルキア主義は神の唯一性を強調することでこの三者を解釈しようとした。

モナルキア主義には正反対の二つの潮流が存在する[1]:

  • 様態論的モナルキア主義(modalistic monarchianism、モーダリズム): 神の位格は一つであり、現象として父と子と聖霊という三つの顕現様態があると主張する。キリストの神性を強調するために天父と子の区別を認めない考え方である。著名な論者の筆頭としてサベリウスがいたので、サベリウス主義ともいう。批判者達（テルトゥリアヌス、ヒッポリュトス）はこの考えに従えば、天の父(ラテン語: patri-)なる神が十字架にかけられる受難(ラテン語: passio)を受けたことになるとして、この主張を 天父受難説(Patripassianism)と呼んだ。[4]
  • 勢力論的モナルキア主義(Dynamic monarchianism): イエスは単なる人であったが、ヨハネから洗礼を受けた時、神の力（デュナミス）を受けたため神の養子とされたと主張する。イエスは元来本質的には神性ではなく、ただ神の力を受けたため、神性を得たというので、勢力論的モナルキア主義と呼ばれる。別名養子論、養子説ともいう。論者には、皮革業者テオドトス、同名の銀行家テオドトス、アルテモン、サモサタのパウロスがいる。[2][4]

どちらのタイプのモナルキア主義もロゴス・キリスト論者(カルタゴのテルトゥリアヌス、ローマのヒッポリュトス、アレクサンドリアのクレメンス, オリゲネス)から強い批判を受けた[5]。

出典

  1. ^ a b Encyclopaedia Britannica: Monarchianism
  2. ^ a b Monarchians at Catholic Encyclopedia, newadvent.org
  3. ^ Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (Oxford University Press 2005 ISBN 978-0-19-280290-3): Monarchianism
  4. ^ a b 『初代教会史論考』pp.172-180
  5. ^ The SCM Press A-Z of Patristic Theology, entry Monarchianism, p. 227

参考文献

  • 『初代教会史論考』園部不二夫著作集<3>、キリスト新聞社、1980年12月。

関連項目

  • 　キリスト人間説:これをモナルキア主義に含めるかについては当該項目のノートで異論がでているので注意。(英語版では含めていない)。

Read other articles:

Bandar Udara Yoron

Bandar Udara Yoron与論空港与論空港Yoron KūkōFoto udara Bandar Udara Yoron (1977)IATA: RNJICAO: RORYInformasiJenisPublikLokasiYoronjima (Pulau Yoron), JepangKetinggian dpl mdplPetaRORYLokasi di JepangLandasan pacu Arah Panjang Permukaan m kaki 14/32 1.200 3.937 Aspal beton Bandar Udara Yoron (与論空港code: ja is deprecated , Yoron Kūkō) (IATA: RNJ, ICAO: RORY)[1] adalah bandar udara kelas tiga yang berada di Yoronjima (Pulau Yoron), Prefektur Kagoshima, J...

 

Daftar Wali Kota Madrid

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Maret 2020. Halaman ini mendaftarkan wali kota (alcaldes) Madrid sejak 1900. Mariano Fernández de Henestrosa Mioño, duque de Santo Mauro (1900-1901) Alberto Aguilera y Velasco (1901-1902) Vicente Cabeza de Vaca y Fernández de Córdoba, marqués de Portazgo (1902-...

 

George Low

George M. Low Wakil Administrator Badan Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional Amerika Serikat ke-4Masa jabatan3 Desember 1969 – 5 Juni 1976Presiden Richard Nixon Gerald Ford Administrator Thomas O. Paine (1969–70) Dirinya sendiri (penjabat, 1970–71) James C. Fletcher (1971–76) PendahuluThomas O. PainePenggantiAlan M. LovelacePresiden Institut Politeknik Rensselaer ke-14Masa jabatanMusim semi 1976 – 17 Juli 1984 PendahuluRichard J. GroshPenggantiDaniel Berg Inf...

The Mouse on the Mayflower

1968 TV special by Arthur Rankin, Jr., Jules Bass The Mouse on the MayflowerOfficial logoGenreThanksgiving, Animation, Adventure, ComedyWritten byRomeo MullerDirected byJules BassArthur Rankin, Jr.StarringTennessee Ernie FordJohn GaryEddie AlbertJoanie SommersPaul FreesJune ForayMusic byMaury Laws (music)Jules Bass (lyrics)Country of originUnited StatesOriginal languageEnglishProductionProducersJules BassArthur Rankin, Jr.Running time45 minutesProduction companiesRankin/Bass ProductionsToei A...

 

I. D. Swami

Indian politician (1929–2019) Pt. Ishwar Dayal Swamiपण्डित ईश्वर दयाल स्वामीMinister of State for Home AffairsIn office13 October 1999 – 22 May 2004MinisterL. K. AdvaniSucceeded bySriprakash JaiswalMember of Parliament, Lok SabhaIn office1999–2004Preceded byBhajan LalSucceeded byArvind Kumar SharmaConstituencyKarnalIn office1996–1998Preceded byChiranji Lal SharmaSucceeded byBhajan LalConstituencyKarnal Personal detailsBorn(1929-08-11)...

 

Bridge Apartments

Apartment building complex in Manhattan, New York Bridge ApartmentsGeneral informationTown or cityWashington Heights, Manhattan, New York CityCountryUnited StatesCoordinates40°50′51″N 73°56′06″W / 40.8476°N 73.9349°W / 40.8476; -73.9349Construction started1961Opened1964Cost$19 millionTechnical detailsFloor count32Design and constructionArchitecture firmBrown & Guenther The Bridge Apartments are four high-rise apartment buildings in the Washington Heigh...

Elena Theodorini

Elena Teodorini Grave at Sfânta Vineri Cemetery Elena Theodorini (or Teodorini; née Ellen Morton or Monzunu; 25 March 1857 – 27 February 1926) was a Romanian soprano and mezzo-soprano. Biography Born in Craiova, Principality of Wallachia, into a family of Romanian actors of Greek descent, she began to study singing and piano at the Milan Conservatory. She debuted as a mezzo-soprano in Cuneo, with Maria di Rohan. She then sang in theaters in provinces of Italy, as well as the Bucharest Ope...

 

Clain

Pour les articles homonymes, voir Clain (homonymie). Cet article possède des paronymes, voir Clin et Klein. le Clain Le Clain à Poitiers. Cours du Clain. Caractéristiques Longueur 144,3 km [1] Bassin 3 217 km2 [1] Bassin collecteur Loire Débit moyen 21,5 m3/s (à Dissay) [2] Organisme gestionnaire le Syndicat mixte du Clain sud et le Syndicat mixte pour l'aménagement du Clain Régime Pluvial Cours Source près du lieu-dit la Chapelle Beau Clain · Localisation Hiesse...

 

South Kent, Connecticut

Village in Connecticut, United States South Kent is a village located in Litchfield County, Connecticut, United States, alongside the border with New York, and within and part of Kent, Connecticut. South Kent has its own Post Office whose ZIP code is 06785. South Kent is also home to South Kent School, a private prep school. Geography A rural view in South Kent South Kent is located in Litchfield County. Its location is 41°42′01″N 73°26′49″W / 41.70028°N 73.44694°...

Marat/Sade (film)

Questa voce sull'argomento film drammatici è solo un abbozzo. Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Marat-SadeGlenda Jackson nei panni di Charlotte CordayTitolo originaleMarat/Sade - The Persecution and Assassination of Jean-Paul Marat as Performed by the Inmates of the Asylum of Charenton Under the Direction of the Marquis De Sade Paese di produzioneRegno Unito Anno1966 Durata115 min Generedrammatico RegiaPeter Brook Soggettodal dramma di Peter Weiss Sceneggi...

 

Zamora-Chinchipe Province

Province of Ecuador This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Zamora-Chinchipe Province – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (July 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Province in EcuadorZamora ChinchipeProvinceProvince of Zamora ChinchipeA picture of the Mayo River as it flows th...

 

Sicilian Avenue

Sicilian Avenue, London Sicilian Avenue, seen from across Bloomsbury Way Sicilian Avenue is a pedestrian shopping parade in Bloomsbury, London, resembling an open air arcade,[1] that diagonally runs in between Southampton Row and Bloomsbury Way. It was constructed due to land clearance for a road widening project next to the avenue.[2] The street was designed by the architect Robert Worley in 1906 (completed in 1910) in a monumental Edwardian style,[3] using Italian m...

List of Gomer Pyle, U.S.M.C. characters

This article's tone or style may not reflect the encyclopedic tone used on Wikipedia. See Wikipedia's guide to writing better articles for suggestions. (November 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this message) Gomer Pyle, U.S.M.C. is an American television situation comedy that was originally broadcast from 1964 to 1969 on the CBS network. It focused on Gomer Pyle, a naïve but good-hearted private in the United States Marine Corps who served in a non-combat role while stationed stateside....

 

MC Ren

American rapper, songwriter and record producer Not to be confused with MC Rene. MC RenMC Ren in 1990BornLorenzo Jerald Patterson (1969-06-16) June 16, 1969 (age 54)Compton, California, U.S.Other namesVillainRuthless VillainThe Villain in BlackRebel VillainNation VillainEducationDominguez High SchoolOccupationsRapperrecord producersongwriterYears active1987–presentSpouse Yaasamen Alaa ​(m. 1993)​Children5Musical careerGenres West Coast hip hop gan...

 

2002 Rhode Island gubernatorial election

2002 Rhode Island gubernatorial election ← 1998 November 5, 2002 2006 →   Nominee Donald Carcieri Myrth York Party Republican Democratic Popular vote 181,827 150,229 Percentage 54.8% 45.2% County results Municipality resultsCarcieri:      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%York:      50–60%      60–70% Governor before election Linco...

2008年夏季奥林匹克运动会中国代表团

2008年夏季奥林匹克运动会中国代表團中华人民共和国国旗IOC編碼CHNNOC中国奥林匹克委员会網站www.olympic.cn（英文）（简体中文）2008年夏季奥林匹克运动会（北京）2008年8月8日至8月24日運動員639參賽項目28个大项随行官员2008年北京奥运会中国体育代表团名单旗手姚明（開幕式）張寧（閉幕式）獎牌榜排名第1 金牌 銀牌 銅牌 總計 48 22 30 100 历届奥林匹克运动会参赛记录（总结�...

 

François Rouph de Varicourt

François-Joseph Rouph de Varicourt (Gex, 5 luglio 1760 – Versailles, 6 ottobre 1789) è stato un nobile e militare francese. Biografia Le teste di Varicourt e Huttes portate in corteo dalla folla degli assalitori. François-Joseph Rouph de Varicourt nacque nel paese di Gex, a Versonnex, vicino a Ferney, nell'Ain, il 5 luglio 1760. Era il quinto dei dieci figli del maresciallo di campo Marin-Etienne Rouph de Varicourt e di Gilberte Prospère Prez de Crassier. Il 28 marzo 1779, giunse come f...

 

Unthank Hall

Unthank Hall Unthank Hall is a Grade II listed property now serving as commercial offices, situated on the southern bank of the River South Tyne east of Plenmeller, near Haltwhistle, Northumberland.[1] In the 16th century the manor was owned by the Ridley family and it is possible that the bishop and martyr Nicholas Ridley was born there.[1] The house, which was built in the 16th century, incorporating an ancient pele tower, was substantially remodelled and extended in 1815.&...

Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition

1910 encyclopaedia Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition First page of the Encyclopædia Britannica, Eleventh EditionLanguageBritish EnglishRelease number11SubjectGeneralPublisherHorace Everett HooperPublication date1910–1911Publication placeUnited StatesMedia typePrint and digitalPreceded byEncyclopædia Britannica Tenth Edition Followed byEncyclopædia Britannica Twelfth Edition (supplementary update), Encyclopædia Britannica Fourteenth Edition (full revision)...

 

إليزا جونسون

إليزا جونسون (بالإنجليزية: Eliza Johnson)‏  معلومات شخصية الميلاد 4 أكتوبر 1810(1810-10-04) الوفاة 15 يناير 1876 (65 سنة)مقاطعة غرين سبب الوفاة سل  الجنسية الولايات المتحدة الأمريكية الزوج أندرو جونسون الأولاد مارثا جونسون  [لغات أخرى]‏ماري جونسون ستوفر  مناصب السيدة الثانية...