プロト・マレー

プロト・マレー
マレーシア: メラユアスリ / メラユプルバ
インドネシア: メラユツア / メラユクノ[1]
総人口
60.000[2]
居住地域
マレー半島:
マレーシアの旗 マレーシア65,189 (2010)[3]
インドネシアの旗 インドネシア国勢調査なし
宗教
アニミズム

プロト・マレー(Proto-Malay)は、マレー半島マレー諸島に住む民族。オランアスリの一つ。紀元前2500年前~1500年前にかけての長期間の移動で、アジア大陸内陸部からマレー半島やマレー諸島にやってきた。あるモデルでは、2波あるマレー語話者の移住のうちの最初の波とされる[4]。プロトマレーは現代のマレー人インドネシア人の祖先である[5]

プロト・マレーは農耕技術と同時に、海洋学と卓越した漁の知識を持つ船乗りであると考えられている。長年にわたって、プロトマレーは多くの場所に入植し、その結果隣接するようになったオランアスリ部族(セマン族セノイ族)との文化接触・融合や婚姻関係によって、多くの文化や信仰を彼らから取り入れた。

遺伝子

プロトマレーの遺伝子は出アフリカ後に南ルート(イラン→インド→東南アジア)をとったものと、北ルート(イラン→アルタイ山脈→東アジア→東南アジア)をとったものが混在している[6]。例えばテムアン族では出アフリカ後に南ルート(イラン→インド→東南アジア)をとった[7]mtDNAハプログループM21、M22、N21、N22が合わせて54%、北ルート(イラン→アルタイ山脈→東アジア→東南アジア)をとった[7]mtDNAハプログループN9aB*、R9bが合わせて42%みられる[8]

脚注

  1. ^ Bani Noor Muchamad (2007). Anatomi rumah bubungan tinggi. Pustaka Banua. p. 2. ISBN 97-933-8133-7 
  2. ^ "POPULATION STATISTICS",
  3. ^ Kirk Endicott (2015). Malaysia's Original People: Past, Present and Future of the Orang Asli. NUS Press. p. 3. ISBN 99-716-9861-7 
  4. ^ Neil Joseph Ryan (1976). A History of Malaysia and Singapore. London: Oxford University Press. pp. 4 & 5. ISBN 0-19-580302-7
  5. ^ Geneticist clarifies role of Proto-Malays in human origin”. Malaysiakini. 2016年11月17日閲覧。
  6. ^ 崎谷満(2011)『ヒト癌ウイルスと日本人のDNA』勉誠出版
  7. ^ a b 崎谷満(2009)『新 日本人の起源 神話からDNA科学へ』勉誠出版
  8. ^ Phylogeography and Ethnogenesis of Aboriginal Southeast Asians Catherine Hill Pedro Soares Maru Mormina Vincent Macaulay William Meehan James Blackburn Douglas Clarke Joseph Maripa Raja Patimah Ismail David Bulbeck Stephen Oppenheimer Martin Richards Molecular Biology and Evolution, Volume 23, Issue 12, 1 December 2006, Pages 2480–2491, https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msl124

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