ダウンウォッシュ

ホバリング中のヘリコプターによるダウンウォッシュが水面上に作り出した波紋

空気力学上のダウンウォッシュとは、揚力が生成される過程において、翼またはヘリコプターのローターブレードの翼形が空気中で運動することで生じる、空気力学的作用による空気流の方向の変化である。[1]

翼形による揚力の発生は、ニュートン力学の第3法則を適用できる事象のひとつである。ダウンウォッシュを作り出す力は、翼断面に生じている揚力と大きさが等しく、逆向きになる。また、クッタ・ジュコーフスキーの定理を適用できる事象のひとつでもある。翼の後縁におけるダウンウォッシュの発生は、クッタの条件で説明することができる。[2][3][4]

脚注

  1. ^ Crane, Dale: Dictionary of Aeronautical Terms, third edition, page 172. Aviation Supplies & Academics, 1997. ISBN 1-56027-287-2
  2. ^ Anderson, John D. (2004), Introduction to Flight (5th ed.), McGraw-Hill, pp. 352–361, §5.19, ISBN 0-07-282569-3 
  3. ^ "The main fact of all heavier-than-air flight is this: the wing keeps the airplane up by pushing the air down." In: Langewiesche, Wolfgang (1990), Stick and Rudder: An Explanation of the Art of Flying, McGraw-Hill, pp. 6–10, ISBN 0-07-036240-8 
  4. ^ “Downwash Effects on Lift”. nasa.gov. nasa.gov. 4 March 2015閲覧。

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