キャラクタ・ラージ・オブジェクト

キャラクタ・ラージ・オブジェクト: Character Large Object、別名:CLOB)とは、データベース管理システム(DBMS)においてキャラクタ型を格納する場合のデータ型であり、一般にとは別の場所に格納され、表から参照されるものをいう。OracleIBM DB2では、明示的に CLOB と呼んでおり、他のデータベースでも同様の概念が存在している。「テキスト」、「メモ」、「ロングキャラクタ」といった呼称もある。

CLOBのサイズ制限はかなり緩く、2GBかそれ以上のレベルであることが多い。容量が大きい反面、アクセス方法は制限されている。特に一部のデータベースシステムでは、CLOBに対してLIKESUBSTRINGといったSQL節の使用を制限している。

CLOB型のデータに対して代替のアクセス手段が提供されることが多い。CLOBからある範囲のデータを抽出したり、逆に挿入したりするといった手段がある。

CLOBの格納パターンはデータベースシステムによって異なる。常に表の外部に格納して表には参照を埋め込むものや、小さめのCLOBは表にそのまま格納するものがある(しきい値を超えた場合、格納パターンを変えて別の場所に移す)。格納パターンを設定可能なシステムもある。

CLOBは指定された文字コードのデータになっており、BLOBとは区別されている。

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