カメハメハ3世

カメハメハ3世
Kamehameha Ⅲ
ハワイ国王
カメハメハ3世(1853年頃)
在位 1825年6月6日 - 1854年12月15日

全名 Keaweaweʻula Kīwalaʻō Kauikeaouli Kaleiopapa Kalani Waiakua Kalanikau Iokikilo Kīwalaʻō i ke kapu Kamehameha
出生 1813年8月11日
ハワイの旗 ハワイ島ケアウホウ
死去 (1854-12-15) 1854年12月15日(41歳没)
ハワイの旗 ハワイ島イオラニ宮殿
埋葬 1855年1月10日
ハワイの旗 オアフ島ハワイ王室霊廟
配偶者 カラマ王妃
王朝 カメハメハ
父親 カメハメハ1世
母親 ケオプオラニ
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カメハメハ3世(カメハメハ3せい、Kamehameha Ⅲ、カウイケアオウリ Kauikeaouli 1813年8月11日 - 1854年12月15日)は、ハワイ王国第3代の王(在位1825年 - 1854年)。

1825年、麻疹の感染でイギリス渡航中に客死した兄カメハメハ2世の跡を受けて即位。1832年までは義母カアフマヌが摂政を務めた。カアフマヌはカメハメハ2世に洗礼を施し、ハワイの伝統的信仰を廃するなどしている。

当時ハワイは重要な捕鯨地域として、また砂糖の産地として注目されていた。こうした中、カメハメハ3世は王国の改革に努め、1840年にハワイ語の憲法を制定し、1840年代半ばにはイギリスフランスアメリカから独立国として承認された。しかし、憲法制定後の政府では白人が要職を握り、ハワイ人が主体的に政治参加することが妨げられていた。近代的な土地制度も導入されたが、私有観念の希薄なハワイ人が土地を失う結果に終わった。

カメハメハ3世は実妹のナヒエナエナと愛し合い[1]、妹との間に息子を儲けている[2]

1854年死去、甥のカメハメハ4世が跡を継いだ。

名言

  • "Ua Mau ke Ea o ka ʻĀina i ka Pono"(「土地の生命(≒主権)は正義によって永続する」)- 現在ではハワイ州の標語となっている。

参考文献

  1. ^ デビッド・ドブズ. “王家にはなぜ近親婚が多いのか?”. ナショナルジオグラフィック. 2020年8月10日閲覧。
  2. ^ 森出じゅん (2018年8月1日). “ナヒエナエナ王女”. ハワイ州観光局. 2020年8月10日閲覧。

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