Stanisław Koniecpolski

Il generale Stanisław Koniecpolski.

Stanisław Koniecpolski (o Stanislas Koniecpolski; 1590/1594[1] – Brody, 11 marzo 1646) è stato un generale polacco, di famiglia nobile, era il vicecomandante militare della Confederazione Polacco-Lituana dopo il re.

Biografia

Stanisław Koniecpolski visse una vita di guerre continue, accumulando vittorie e sconfitte. Prima di compiere vent'anni aveva combattuto nella Dymitriads, poi aveva partecipato alla Guerra dei Magnati di Moldavia. Nel 1620, nella Battaglia di Cecora (1620), fu fatto prigioniero dagli Ottomani e rinchiuso ad Istanbul.[2] Rilasciato nel 1623 dai turchi, Koniecpolski guidò l'esercito della Confederazione contro i turchi ed i Tartari vassalli del sultano più volte durante il biennio 1624-1626.

Con un esercito numericamente inferiore combatté contro gli Svedesi di Gustavo II Adolfo che avevano invaso la Prussia, ma la battaglia finì in parità e non vide un vero vincitore. Koniecpolski tentò più volte di sconfiggere gli Svedesi, ma fu respinto, durante la seconda fase della guerra polacco-svedese (1626-1629), che si concluse con la tregua di Altmark.[3]

Nel 1632 Koniecpolski venne eletto Grand Hetman della Corona.

Koniecpolski sconfisse gli Ottomani che avevano invaso l'Ucraina nel 1634, e durante la sua vita riportò molte altre vittorie contro i Cosacchi ribelli e i Tartari invasori.

Stanisław Koniecpolski morì 11 marzo 1646, secondo Joachim Jerlicz per overdose di un afrodisiaco.[4] È considerato uno dei comandanti più esperti e famosi militare nella storia della Polonia e della Lituania.[5]

Note

  1. ^ George J. Lerski, Jerzy Jan Lerski, Piotr Wróbel, Richard J. Kozicki, "Historical dictionary of Poland, 966-1945", Greenwood Publishing Group, 1996, pg. 262.
  2. ^ Treccani
  3. ^ Britannica
  4. ^ Maria Bogucka, "Women in early modern Polish society, against the European background", Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2004, pg. 6.
  5. ^ Biografia di Koniecpolski, su portalwiedzy.onet.pl. URL consultato il 17 febbraio 2010 (archiviato dall'url originale il 24 settembre 2017).

Bibliografia

Voci correlate

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Predecessore Grand Hetman della Corona Successore
Stanisław Żółkiewski 1632 - 1646 Mikołaj Potocki
Controllo di autoritàVIAF (EN) 42769657 · ISNI (EN) 0000 0000 9111 7298 · CERL cnp00580533 · LCCN (EN) nr2006008642 · GND (DE) 124377963 · J9U (EN, HE) 987011382146805171
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