Recettori κ-oppioidi

Abbozzo proteine
Questa voce sugli argomenti farmaci e proteine è solo un abbozzo.
Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento.
Le informazioni riportate non sono consigli medici e potrebbero non essere accurate. I contenuti hanno solo fine illustrativo e non sostituiscono il parere medico: leggi le avvertenze.

I recettori κ-oppioidi (acronimo inglese KOR) sono delle proteine che nell'uomo sono codificate dal gene OPRK1.

Il recettore kappa è uno dei quattro recettori correlati che legano composti simil-oppiacei nel cervello e sono responsabili nel mediare gli effetti di questi composti. Tali effetti includono alterazione della nocicezione, della coscienza, del controllo muscolare e l'umore.

Il recettore kappa è un tipo di recettore oppioide che lega le dinorfine, peptidi oppioidi, come ligando endogeno primario, substrato naturalmente presente nel corpo.[1]

Oltre alle dinorfine, una varietà di alcaloidi naturali, terpeni e altri ligandi sintetici si possono unire al recettore.

Il recettore kappa può funzionare come meccanismo di controllo naturale sulla dipendenza fisica, e quindi i farmaci che agiscono come agonisti e aumentano l'attivazione di questo recettore possono avere potenziale terapeutico nel trattamento della dipendenza.

Distribuzione

I recettori kappa sono ampiamente distribuiti nel cervello (ipotalamo, sostanza grigia periacqueduttale e claustro), nel midollo spinale (sostanza gelatinosa di Rolando), e nei neuroni del dolore.[2][3]

Sottotipi

Sulla base di studi sui legami del recettore, sono stati individuate tre varianti del recettore: κ1, κ2, e κ3.[4][5].

Tuttavia, solo un clone di cDNA è stato identificato,[6] quindi questi sottotipi recettoriali probabilmente derivano da interazione della proteina del recettore kappa con altre proteine di membrana associate.[7]

Note

  1. ^ James IF, Chavkin C, Goldstein A, Selectivity of dynorphin for kappa opioid receptors, in Life Sciences, vol. 31, n. 12-13, 1982, pp. 1331–4, DOI:10.1016/0024-3205(82)90374-5, PMID 6128656.
  2. ^ Fine PG, Portenoy RK, Chapter 2: The Endogenous Opioid System (PDF), in A Clinical Guide to Opioid Analgesia, McGraw Hill, 2004. URL consultato il 22 ottobre 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 19 luglio 2011).
  3. ^ Mansour A, Fox CA, Akil H, Watson SJ, Opioid-receptor mRNA expression in the rat CNS: anatomical and functional implications, in Trends in Neurosciences, vol. 18, n. 1, gennaio 1995, pp. 22–9, DOI:10.1016/0166-2236(95)93946-U, PMID 7535487.
  4. ^ de Costa BR, Rothman RB, Bykov V, Jacobson AE, Rice KC, Selective and enantiospecific acylation of kappa opioid receptors by (1S,2S)-trans-2-isothiocyanato-N-methyl-N-[2-(1-pyrrolidinyl) cyclohexy l] benzeneacetamide. Demonstration of kappa receptor heterogeneity, in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, vol. 32, n. 2, febbraio 1989, pp. 281–3, DOI:10.1021/jm00122a001, PMID 2536435.
  5. ^ Rothman RB, France CP, Bykov V, De Costa BR, Jacobson AE, Woods JH, Rice KC, Pharmacological activities of optically pure enantiomers of the kappa opioid agonist, U50,488, and its cis diastereomer: evidence for three kappa receptor subtypes, in European Journal of Pharmacology, vol. 167, n. 3, agosto 1989, pp. 345–53, DOI:10.1016/0014-2999(89)90443-3, PMID 2553442.
  6. ^ Mansson E, Bare L, Yang D, Isolation of a human kappa opioid receptor cDNA from placenta, in Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol. 202, n. 3, agosto 1994, pp. 1431–7, DOI:10.1006/bbrc.1994.2091, PMID 8060324.
  7. ^ Jordan BA, Devi LA, G-protein-coupled receptor heterodimerization modulates receptor function, in Nature, vol. 399, n. 6737, giugno 1999, pp. 697–700, DOI:10.1038/21441, PMC 3125690, PMID 10385123.

Collegamenti esterni

  Portale Biologia

Read other articles:

MBK Entertainment

MBK EntertainmentNama asliMBK 엔터테인먼트SebelumnyaGM Planning (1999–2007)Core Contents Media (2007–2014)Kode emitenUnlisted companyIndustriMusikEntertainmentGenreK-popR&Bnu-discoDidirikan09 Januari 2007 (2007-01-09) (Core Contents Media)14 Oktober 2014 (2014-10-14) (MBK Entertainment)PendiriKim Kwang-sooDitutup2022KantorpusatYeoksam, Gangnam, Seoul, Korea SelatanTokohkunciKim Tae-kyung (CEO)JasaProduksi musikLisensiDistribusi rekamanManajemen artisIndukCJ E&M Mus...

 

Benetton B196

Benetton B196KategoriFormula OneKonstruktorBenetton Formula Ltd.PerancangRoss Brawn (Technical Director)Rory Byrne (Chief Designer)Pat Symonds (Head of R&D)Nikolas Tombazis (Head of Aerodynamics)Bernard Dudot (Chief Engine Designer) (Renault)PendahuluB195PenerusB197Spesifikasi teknis[1]SasisCarbon fibre monocoqueSuspensi (depan)Double wishbone, pushrodSuspensi (belakang)Double wishbone, pushrodMesinRenault RS8/RS8B, 3.000 cc (183,1 cu in), 72° V10, NA, mid-engine, ...

 

Stasiun Sakuma

Stasiun Sakuma佐久間駅Stasiun Sakuma pada September 2006LokasiSakuma-cho, Sakuma 2434, Tenryū-ku, Hamamatsu-shi, ShizuokaJepangKoordinat35°05′32″N 137°48′37″E / 35.092127°N 137.810158°E / 35.092127; 137.810158Koordinat: 35°05′32″N 137°48′37″E / 35.092127°N 137.810158°E / 35.092127; 137.810158Operator JR CentralJalur Jalur IidaLetak63.5 km dari ToyohashiJumlah peron1 peron sampingInformasi lainStatusTanpa stafSejarahD...

Watchman Nee

Watchman NeeWatchman NeeLahir4 November 1903 (1903-11-04)Shantou, Manchu ChinaMeninggalMay 30, 1972 (1972-05-31) (aged 68)Anhui, China Ini adalah nama Tionghoa; marganya adalah Nee. Watchman Nee, atau Ni Tuoseng (Hanzi: 倪柝声; Pinyin: Ní Tuòshēng; 4 November 1903 – 30 Mei 1972), adalah seorang pemimpin gereja dan guru Kristen yang berkarya di Tiongkok pada abad ke-20. Pada 1922, ia mengadakan pertemuan gereja di Fuzhou yang dianggap merupakan permulaan dari gereja-...

 

2020 Puerto Rico Senate election

Part of the Puerto Rican elections held November 3, 2020 2020 Puerto Rico Senate elections ← 2016 November 3, 2020 2024 → All 27 seats in the Senate of Puerto Rico14 seats needed for a majority   Majority party Minority party Third party   Leader José Luis Dalmau Thomas Rivera Schatz Ana Irma Rivera Lassén Party Popular Democratic New Progressive Citizens' Victory Leader since January 2, 2021 January 2, 2017 January 2, 2021 Seats before 4[a]...

 

2024 Missouri House of Representatives election

State legislature election Not to be confused with 2024 United States House of Representatives elections in Missouri.2024 Missouri House of Representatives elections ← 2022 November 5, 2024 (2024-11-05) 2026 → All 163 seats in the Missouri House of Representatives82 seats needed for a majority   Leader Dean Plocher Crystal Quade Party Republican Democratic Leader's seat 89th - St Louis 132th - Springfield(not running) Last election 111 52 Cu...

Ammatour

Municipality in Mount Lebanon, LebanonAmmatour عمّاطورMunicipalityAmmatourAmmatourLocation in Lebanon. The surrounding district can be seen on the map.Coordinates: 33°38′33″N 35°36′31″E / 33.64250°N 35.60861°E / 33.64250; 35.60861Country LebanonGovernorateMount LebanonDistrictChoufHighest elevation1,050 m (3,440 ft)Lowest elevation800 m (2,600 ft)Time zone+2 • Summer (DST)+3 Ammatour (Arabic: عمّاط�...

 

Jasmine Trias

American singer-entertainer This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous.Find sources: Jasmine Trias – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2007) (Learn how and when to remove this template me...

 

Montanus

Montanus adalah pemimpin gerakan apokaliptik pada pertengahan abad ke-2 di Asia Kecil.[1] Gerakan ini yang kemudian berkembang menjadi aliran Montanisme (sesuai dengan namanya).[1] Sebelum menjadi penganut ajaran Kristen, Montanus adalah imam dalam agama Sibele.[1] Sekitar tahun 156-157, ia mengalami ekstase dan memandang dirinya sebagai alat Roh Kudus untuk menyampaikan nubuat.[1] Ia mengklaim bahwa Roh Kudus ada dalam dirinya dan Roh Kuduslah yang berbicara m...

Democratic Progressive Party

Taiwanese political party For other uses, see Democratic Progressive Party (disambiguation). This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Democratic Progressive Party – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (December 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Democratic Progressive P...

 

Isar

River in Austria and Germany This article is about the river. For the administrative subdivision of Iran, see Isar Rural District. IsarThe river Isar near MunichLocationCountriesGermanyAustriaPhysical characteristicsSource  • locationEiskarlspitze, Alps, Austria • coordinates47°22′29″N 11°24′43″E / 47.37472°N 11.41194°E / 47.37472; 11.41194 • elevation1,160 m (3,810 ft) Mouth  ...

 

The Mall Wood Green

Shopping mall in Wood Green, LondonThe Mall Wood GreenThe shopping centre at duskLocationWood Green, LondonCoordinates51°35′40″N 0°06′30″W / 51.59451°N 0.10840°W / 51.59451; -0.10840Opening date13 May 1981; 42 years ago (1981-05-13)OwnerThe Mall FundNo. of stores and services101 (+45 stalls)No. of anchor tenants7Total retail floor area617,000 sq ft (57,300 m2)No. of floors2Parking1500Websitewww.themall.co.uk/wood-green/ The...

2016年美國總統選舉

2016年美國總統選舉 ← 2012 2016年11月8日 2020 → 538個選舉人團席位獲勝需270票民意調查投票率55.7%[1][2] ▲ 0.8 %   获提名人 唐納·川普 希拉莉·克林頓 政党 共和黨 民主党 家鄉州 紐約州 紐約州 竞选搭档 迈克·彭斯 蒂姆·凱恩 选举人票 304[3][4][註 1] 227[5] 胜出州/省 30 + 緬-2 20 + DC 民選得票 62,984,828[6] 65,853,514[6]...

 

بوابة:القوات المسلحة الألمانية

القوات المســــلحة الألمانية الجيش الألماني هو الجيش النظامي الرسمي العامل لجمهورية ألمانيا الاتحادية، ويخضع لأمر وزير الدفاع للجيش والقوات المسلحة. الجيش الألماني ينقسم إلى جزء عسكري (القوات المسلحة) وجزء مدني مع إدارة القوات المسلحة، والمكتب الفدرالي للمشتريات، والم...

 

西遊記大結局之仙履奇緣

本條目存在以下問題，請協助改善本條目或在討論頁針對議題發表看法。 此條目需要編修，以確保文法、用詞、语气、格式、標點等使用恰当。 (2013年8月6日)請按照校對指引，幫助编辑這個條目。（幫助、討論） 此條目剧情、虛構用語或人物介紹过长过细，需清理无关故事主轴的细节、用語和角色介紹。 (2020年10月6日)劇情、用語和人物介紹都只是用於了解故事主軸，輔助�...

Legislation.gov.uk

Official Web-accessible database of the statute law of the United Kingdom legislation.gov.ukType of siteGovernment websiteAvailable inEnglish and WelshOwnerThe National Archives, UK GovernmentURLlegislation.gov.ukCommercialNoCurrent statusActive legislation.gov.uk, formerly known as the UK Statute Law Database, is the official Web-accessible database of the statute law of the United Kingdom, hosted by The National Archives. It contains all primary legislation in force since 1267 and...

 

John Punch (slave)

First official enslaved person in the Thirteen Colonies John PunchBorn1605CameroonDiedYork County, Colony of Virginia, British AmericaKnown forFirst official slave in the Thirteen Colonies[1] John Punch (born 1605) was an African resident of the colony of Virginia who became its first slave.[2][3] Thought to have been an indentured servant, Punch attempted to escape to Maryland and was sentenced in July 1640 by the Virginia Governor's Council to serve as a slave f...

 

Shōnen Alice

2003 studio album by Maaya SakamotoShōnen Alice (少年アリス)Studio album by Maaya SakamotoReleasedDecember 10, 2003GenreJ-PopLength58:53LabelVictor EntertainmentProducerYoko KannoMaaya Sakamoto chronology Single Collection+ Nikopachi(2003) Shōnen Alice (少年アリス)(2003) Yūnagi Loop(2005) Shōnen Alice (少年アリス, Boy Alice) is the 4th studio album released by singer Maaya Sakamoto.[1] Many of the songs are of a completely different style than her previous w...

Johann Hari

Scottish writer Johann HariHari in 2011BornJohann Eduard Hari (1979-01-21) 21 January 1979 (age 45)Glasgow, ScotlandCitizenship United Kingdom Switzerland Alma materKing's College, CambridgeOccupationWriterNotable workChasing the ScreamWebsitejohannhari.com Johann Eduard Hari (born 21 January 1979) is a Scottish writer and journalist who wrote for The Independent and The Huffington Post. In 2011, Hari was suspended from The Independent and later resigned, after admitting to plagiari...

 

Tegangan listrik

Artikel ini merupakan bagain dari seriListrik dan MagnetMichael Faraday, bapak kelistrikan dunia dan sosok penting pada ilmu kemagnetan. Buku rujukan Statika listrik Muatan listrik Medan listrik Insulator Konduktor Ketribolistrikan Induksi Listrik Statis Hukum Coulomb Hukum Gauss Fluks listrik / energi potensial Momen polaritas listirk Statika magnet Hukum Ampere Medan magnet Magnetisasi Fluks magnetik Kaidah tangan kanan Kaidah tangan kiri Hukum Biot–Savart Hukum magnet Gauss Momen po...