Recettore della dopamina D2

Abbozzo proteine
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Il recettore della dopamina D2, anche noto come RDD2 (DRD2 in inglese), è una proteina che nell'uomo è codificata dal gene RDD2. Il recettore della dopamina D2 è stato scoperto nel 1975 da Philip Seeman che lo ha definito il recettore antipsicotico della dopamina (antipsychotic dopamine receptor).[1] L'RDD2 è il principale recettore per tutti i farmaci antipsicotici.

Funzione

Questo gene codifica la sottocategoria D2 del recettore della dopamina,che è accoppiato al sottotipo Gi dei recettori accoppiati a proteine G. Questo recettore accoppiato alla proteina G inibisce l'attività dell'adenilato ciclasi.[2]

Nel topo, la regolazione dell'espressione del DRD2 dal neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS-1) nel giro dentato è coinvolta nell'esplorazione, nella plasticità sinaptica e nella formazione di memoria.[3]

Nelle mosche, l'attivazione degli autorecettori D2 proteggono i neuroni dopaminergici dalla morte cellulare indotta da una tossina che imita la malattia di Parkinson.[4]

Note

  1. ^ Madras BK, History of the discovery of the antipsychotic dopamine D2 receptor: a basis for the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia, in Journal of the History of the Neurosciences, vol. 22, n. 1, 2013, pp. 62–78, DOI:10.1080/0964704X.2012.678199, PMID 23323533.
  2. ^ Usiello A, Baik JH, Rougé-Pont F, Picetti R, Dierich A, LeMeur M, Piazza PV, Borrelli E, Distinct functions of the two isoforms of dopamine D2 receptors, in Nature, vol. 408, n. 6809, Nov 2000, pp. 199–203, DOI:10.1038/35041572, PMID 11089973.
  3. ^ Saab BJ, Georgiou J, Nath A, Lee FJ, Wang M, Michalon A, Liu F, Mansuy IM, Roder JC, NCS-1 in the dentate gyrus promotes exploration, synaptic plasticity, and rapid acquisition of spatial memory, in Neuron, vol. 63, n. 5, Sep 2009, pp. 643–56, DOI:10.1016/j.neuron.2009.08.014, PMID 19755107.
  4. ^ Wiemerslage L, Schultz BJ, Ganguly A, Lee D, Selective degeneration of dopaminergic neurons by MPP(+) and its rescue by D2 autoreceptors in Drosophila primary culture, in Journal of Neurochemistry, vol. 126, n. 4, Aug 2013, pp. 529–40, DOI:10.1111/jnc.12228, PMID 23452092.

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