Rashid I bin Maktum

Rashid I bin Maktum
Emiro di Dubai
In carica1859 –
22 novembre 1886
PredecessoreHasher bin Maktum
SuccessoreMaktum II bin Hasher
MorteDubai, 7 aprile 1894
PadreMaktum I bin Butti bin Suhail

Rashid I bin Maktum (in arabo راشد بن مكتوم آل مكتوم‎?; ... – Dubai, 7 aprile 1894), è stato emiro di Dubai dal 1886 al 1894.

Ascesa al trono

Hasher bin Maktum morì senza lasciare una chiara linea di successione, causando una spaccatura nella famiglia tra i due contendenti per il titolo: lo sceicco Maktum bin Hasher, figlio primogenito di Hasher, e lo sceicco Rashid bin Maktoum, fratello di Hasher.[1]

Lo sceicco Rashid ottenne il sostegno della maggioranza della famiglia e dei leader tribali e prese il potere nel 1886, continuando le politiche di libero scambio e conciliazione avviate dal predecessore. Fu un governante influente e quando nel 1891 fu contattato dallo sceicco di Abu Dhabi Zayed I bin Khalifa Al Nahyan che gli chiedeva assistenza per un conflitto ad al-Buraymi, fu in grado di radunare una forza considerevole di 300 cammellieri e 30 cavalieri da inviargli in sostegno.[1][2]

Rashid ereditò il conflitto in corso con i governanti degli emirati del Nord e i periodi di pace nella costa furono rari, con incursioni quasi costanti, in particolare nel 1889 e nel 1890. Nel 1891, circa 400 uomini della tribù Marar, considerandosi maltrattati da Rashid, conclusero la stagione perlacea navigando con le loro barche a Sharja. Questa azione portò a tre anni di aspri negoziati, arbitrati dal residente britannico, che risolsero richieste e controdeduzioni finanziarie che portarono a una serie di conflitti a terra.[3]

Accordo esclusivo

Nel 1892 Rashid firmò come gli altri sovrani l'Accordo esclusivo. Esso obbligava gli Stati della Tregua a non entrare in "alcun accordo in corrispondenza con alcun Potere diverso dal Governo Britannico", a non consentire senza il permesso dei britannici la residenza nel territorio a un agente di qualsiasi altro governo e a non cedere, vendere, mutuare o altrimenti concedere l'occupazione di alcuna parte del territorio, salvo che al governo britannico.[4][5]

Sempre nel 1892, a marzo, un certo numero di soggetti di Dubai espulse diversi dipendenti degli al-Qasimi dall'isola di Sir Abu Nu'ayr causando la censura da parte dell'agente britannico che chiese agli aggressori di ritirarsi e restituire le armi che vennero quindi sequestrate. Rashid dovette controllare i suoi sudditi perché fu loro impedito di recarsi a Sir Abu Nu'ayr senza il permesso dello sceicco di Sharja.[6]

Nel settembre del 1892, Rashid sposò una donna della sottosezione Al Bu Shamis della tribù Na'im di al-Buraymi.

Morì a Dubai il 7 aprile 1894 durante un grave focolaio di colera,[7] sebbene la causa della sua morte fu descritta come un "attacco di paralisi".[8]

Note

  1. ^ a b Graeme Wilson, Father of Dubai, Media Prima, 1999, p. 28.
  2. ^ John Lorimer, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, British Government, Bombay, 1915, p. 771.
  3. ^ John Lorimer, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, British Government, Bombay, 1915, p. 736.
  4. ^ Frauke, Heard-Bey, From Trucial States to United Arab Emirates : a society in transition, Londra, Motivate, 2005, p. 293, ISBN 1-86063-167-3, OCLC 64689681.
  5. ^ Exclusive Agreement, signed between March 5 and March 8, 1892
  6. ^ John Lorimer, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, British Government, Bombay, 1915, pp. 739-740.
  7. ^ Graham Wilson, Father of Dubai, Media Prima, 1999, p. 31.
  8. ^ John Lorimer, Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf, Government of Bombay, 1915, p. 774.

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