Pteridinium

Come leggere il tassobox Pteridinium
Fossile di Pteridinium simplex proveniente dalla Namibia
Stato di conservazione
Fossile Periodo di fossilizzazione: Ediacarano
Classificazione scientifica
Dominio	Eukaryota
Regno	Animalia
Sottoregno	Eumetazoa
Phylum	Cnidaria ?
Ordine	† Erniettamorpha
Genere	† Pteridinium Gurich, 1930
Specie
Pteridinium carolinaense Pteridinium nenoxa Pteridinium simplex

Lo pteridinio (gen. Pteridinium Gurich, 1930) è un organismo estinto appartenente alla fauna di Ediacara, forse appartenente al phylum Cnidaria,^[1] vissuto nel Proterozoico superiore (Ediacarano, circa 550 milioni di anni fa). I suoi resti sono stati rinvenuti in molti giacimenti fossili di quel periodo, principalmente nel Mar Bianco (Russia), Australia, Namibia e Carolina del Nord.^[2]

Descrizione

Il corpo di questo enigmatico organismo era allungato e segmentato. Di solito i fossili di pteridinio sono mal conservati e appiattiti; nonostante ciò, gli studiosi sono riusciti a determinare che questo organismo era costituito da tre lembi segmentati, che si intersecavano tra di loro attraverso una linea centrale. L'aspetto dello pteridinio, come risultato di questa ricostruzione, doveva essere vagamente simile a quello delle odierne “penne di mare” (Pennatulacea).

Possibili affinità

Alcuni studiosi ritengono che lo pteridinio possa essere un primitivo rappresentante degli cnidari; Ben Waggoner, che sostiene questa ipotesi, ritiene comunque che questo organismo non appartenga ad alcun gruppo di cnidari odierni. Altri studiosi ritengono che le parentele dello pteridinio vadano ricercate nei cosiddetti vendozoi, un gruppo di organismi estinti forse rappresentanti di un regno separato da piante, animali o funghi. Possibili parenti stretti di Pteridinium includono Charnia, Rangea, Charniodiscus, Swartpuntia e Phyllozoon.

Biologia

Dal tipo di conservazione, sembra plausibile che lo pteridinio vivesse sui fondali di mari piuttosto profondi. Probabilmente giaceva sul fondale o era ancorato tramite un peduncolo, ma non è chiaro come potesse nutrirsi. Forse si nutriva di piccole particelle o assumeva nutrienti disciolti nell'acqua, o ancora dipendeva da microrganismi simbiotici presenti sui suoi tessuti; è possibile, inoltre, che usasse varie strategie alimentari combinate insieme.

Note

^ Sepkoski, J. J., A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, in Bulletins of American Paleontology, vol. 363, 2002, pp. 1-560.
^ Pteridinium, su Paleobiology Database. URL consultato il 10 ottobre 2013 (archiviato dall'url originale il 3 novembre 2013).

Collegamenti esterni

Vendian Animals: Pteridinium, at University of California Museum of Paleontology
Fotografia (GIF), su ucmp.berkeley.edu.

Portale Paleontologia: accedi alle voci di Wikipedia che trattano di paleontologia

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