Palestro (pirofregata corazzata)

Palestro
La Palestro alla fonda a La Spezia nel 1887
Descrizione generale
Tipopirofregata corazzata ad elica
ClassePrincipe Amedeo
Proprietà Regia Marina
CostruttoriCantiere San Bartolomeo, La Spezia
Impostazioneagosto 1865
Varo30 settembre 1871
o 2 ottobre 1871
Entrata in servizio11 luglio 1875
Radiazione14 aprile 1900
Destino finaledemolita nel 1903-1904
Caratteristiche generali
Dislocamentocarico normale 5761 t
pieno carico 6318 t
Lunghezza(tra le parallele) 78,82 m
Larghezza17,3 m
Pescaggio7,97 m
Propulsione6 caldaie cilindriche
1 motrice alternativa a vapore
potenza 3117 HP
1 elica
armamento velico a brigantino a palo)
Velocità12,85 nodi (23,8 km/h)
Autonomia1780 mn a 10
Equipaggio548 tra ufficiali, sottufficiali e marinai
Armamento
Armamento
  • 1 pezzi da 280 mm
  • 12 pezzi rigati da 160 mm
Corazzatura220 mm (cintura)
140 mm (ridotto)
60 mm (torrione)
dati presi principalmente da Marina Militare e Agenziabozzo
voci di navi da battaglia presenti su Wikipedia

La Palestro è stata una pirofregata corazzata della Regia Marina. Prende il nome dall’omonimo paese, per l’appunto Palestro, proprio per una Battaglia svoltasi in questa città.

Storia e caratteristiche

Prima nave corazzata, unitamente alla capoclasse Principe Amedeo, interamente progettata e costruita in Italia, la Palestro fu anche l'ultima pirofregata corazzata italiana, nonché l'ultima unità corazzata italiana ad avere scafo in legno composito ed armamento velico (a brigantino a palo, con 3471 m² di velatura)[1].

Il progetto, sviluppato da quello della classe Roma ed elaborato dal generale ispettore del Genio Navale Giuseppe De Luca, prevedeva scafo in legno con corazzatura riportata di piastre in ferro[1][2], che tuttavia non proteggeva interamente lo scafo[3].

Impostata nel 1865, varata nel 1871 e completata nel 1875, la nave era, dopo dieci anni di costruzione, già obsoleta al momento dell'entrata in servizio[1][2]. L'armamento era inizialmente costituito da un grosso cannone da 280 mm e da 12 pezzi da 160 mm[2], poi questi ultimi vennero sostituiti con sei cannoni da 250 mm[3].

Durante la sua vita operativa la Palestro non ebbe mai occasione di partecipare ad operazioni belliche. Dal 1889 al 1894 la corazzata, come caposquadra, stazionò a La Maddalena per la difesa di tale base[1].

Nel 1895 la superata unità venne trasferita a La Spezia, dove per cinque anni disimpegnò servizio di nave scuola, venendo impiegata nell'addestramento del personale CREM[1].

Radiata nel 1900, la Palestro venne demolita tra il 1903 ed il 1904[1].

Note

  1. ^ a b c d e f Navi da guerra | R. N. Palestro 1871 | fregata corazzata ad elica | Regia Marina Italiana
  2. ^ a b c Marina Militare
  3. ^ a b Ironclads at war[collegamento interrotto]

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