Onomastica giapponese

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Nell'onomastica giapponese i nomi propri (日本人の氏名?, nihonjin no shimei) sono composti da un cognome seguito da un nome proprio di persona. Tuttavia è solo nel 1898, in seguito al rinnovamento Meiji, che tutti i giapponesi sono stati obbligati a dotarsi di cognome; prima il cognome era una caratteristica delle persone di alto rango, mentre la gente comune di solito aveva solo un nome.[1]

Inoltre, quando si riporta un nome giapponese nell'alfabeto latino, dal periodo Meiji è convenzione usare l'ordine nome-cognome tipico dell'Occidente;[2] è una pratica tuttora diffusa nei testi in lingue occidentali, ma l'ordine nativo cognome-nome può essere usato per personaggi storici.[3]

I nomi giapponesi sono generalmente scritti in kanji, sebbene l'hiragana sia spesso utilizzato per i prenomi femminili. I cognomi più diffusi sono Satō, Suzuki e Takahashi.[4]

Note

  1. ^ (EN) Tomoko Otake, What to call baby?, su The Japan Times, 22 gennaio 2012. URL consultato il 22 ottobre 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 23 ottobre 2016).
  2. ^ (EN) Tomohiro Osaki, Moves are afoot to push media to switch Japanese name order in English, but will it work?, su The Japan Times, 31 maggio 2019.
  3. ^ (JA) 三．国際化に伴うその他の日本語の問題, su mext.go.jp (archiviato dall'url originale il 25 agosto 2012).
  4. ^ (EN) Most common Japanese family names by prefecture, su The Japan Times, 11 ottobre 2009. URL consultato il 22 ottobre 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale l'8 dicembre 2015).

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