Oikeios

Il termine oikeios (in greco οἰκεῖος?, "appartenente alla famiglia") fu utilizzato come denominazione onorifica e infine come titolo formale dall'Impero bizantino nei secoli IX-XV.

In filosofia, l'aggettivo appartiene alla stessa famiglia di parole del greco oikeiosis, in latino accommodatio, che svolge un ruolo importante nella dottrina stoica e si riferisce all'appropriazione del vivente a se stesso[1].

A Bisanzio, il termine fu originariamente utilizzato nel Klētorologion dell'899 per indicare i parenti stretti dell'imperatore bizantino in carica. Secondo l'Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium, "[è] probabile che l'epiteto oikeios fosse legato al titolo onorifico doulos", che significa "schiavo" o "servitore", nel senso che "un uomo con il titolo di oikeios si sarebbe definito il doulos di sua maestà"[2].

Alla fine del XII secolo, durante la dinastia dei Comneni, l'epiteto fu formalizzato in un titolo semi-ufficiale assegnato ad alti dignitari, per lo più civili, fino alla fine dell'Impero. In effetti, a volte era usato come titolo a sé stante, piuttosto che essere combinato con altre cariche o dignità[2].

Note

  1. ^ Marco Tullio Cicerone, De finibus bonorum et malorum, Libro III, xix.
  2. ^ a b (EN) Aleksandr Petrovič Každan, Oikeios, in The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium, Oxford university press, 1991, p. 1515, ISBN 978-0-19-504652-6. URL consultato il 26 settembre 2023.
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