Neovenatoridae

Come leggere il tassobox Neovenatoridae
Scheletro completo di Neovenator salerii
Stato di conservazione
Fossile
Classificazione scientifica
Dominio	Eukaryota
Regno	Animalia
Phylum	Chordata
Superordine	Dinosauria
Ordine	Saurischia
Sottordine	Theropoda
Clade	† Carcharodontosauria
Famiglia	† Neovenatoridae Benson, Carrano & Brusatte, 2010
Nomenclatura binomiale
† Neovenator salerii Benson, Carrano & Brusatte, 2010
Sottogruppi
† Chilantaisaurus? † Deltadromeus? † Gualicho? † Neovenator † Siats † Megaraptora?

I neovenatoridi (Neovenatoridae) sono una famiglia di dinosauri carnivori, appartenenti ai carnosauri. Vissero tra il Cretaceo inferiore e il superiore (135 - 70 milioni di anni fa) e includono gli ultimi carnosauri sopravvissuti.

Descrizione

L'aspetto di questi dinosauri era quello tipico dei grandi carnivori: teste grosse armate di lunghi denti seghettati, corpi possenti e lunghe zampe posteriori. Molti neovenatoridi, però, possedevano una caratteristica unica rispetto agli altri carnosauri: le zampe anteriori erano lunghe e armate di grandi artigli falciformi. Le dimensioni, in generale, erano medio-grandi (intorno agli otto metri di lunghezza) e le caratteristiche richiamavano i carnosauri del Giurassico, come Sinraptor.

Classificazione

I neovenatoridi sono stati riconosciuti come gruppo a sé stante solo nel 2010, anche se numerosi fossili erano stati ritrovati molti anni prima. In precedenza, però, le forme erano state ascritte ad altri gruppi di dinosauri teropodi, come gli allosauridi (ad es. Chilantaisaurus), i carcarodontosauridi (Neovenator) e addirittura i dromeosauridi (Megaraptor). Uno studio comparato ha permesso di riconoscere, all'interno della famiglia, un clade tipicamente gondwaniano (ovvero dei continenti meridionali) dai caratteristici grandi artigli, noto come Megaraptora.

I neovenatoridi furono gli ultimi carnosauri sopravvissuti: almeno un neovenatoride (Orkoraptor) visse alla fine del Cretaceo superiore (Maastrichtiano, circa 70 milioni di anni fa), poco prima dell'estinzione totale dei dinosauri.

Il cladogramma qui presentato segue l'analisi di Benson, Carrano e Brusatte (2010); un altro studio pubblicato nel 2010 ha dimostrato che il poco noto teropode australiano Rapator apparteneva ai Megaraptora ed era molto simile ad Australovenator.

Carcharodontosauridae

Neovenatoridae

	Deltadromeus

	Gualicho

Neovenator

	Chilantaisaurus

	Megaraptora

Bibliografia

Agnolin, Ezcurra, Pais and Salisbury, (2010). "A reappraisal of the Cretaceous non-avian dinosaur faunas from Australia and New Zealand: Evidence for their Gondwanan affinities." Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 8(2): 257-300.
Benson, R.B.J., Carrano, M.T and Brusatte, S.L. (2010). "A new clade of archaic large-bodied predatory dinosaurs (Theropoda: Allosauroidea) that survived to the latest Mesozoic." Naturwissenschaften, 97(1):71–78. doi:10.1007/s00114-009-0614-x

Altri progetti

Wikimedia Commons contiene immagini o altri file su Neovenatoridae
Wikispecies contiene informazioni su Neovenatoridae

Collegamenti esterni

Portale Dinosauri

Portale Paleontologia

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