Martelletto

Abbozzo meccanica
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Il martelletto, detto anche leva portacaratteri, è un elemento di scrittura della macchina per scrivere, ossia un dispositivo che permette di ottenere la scrittura su un foglio di carta.

Martelletti di una macchina per scrivere meccanica

È costituito da una leva (collegata al tasto di scrittura tramite il cinematico) che, nella parte finale, ha saldata la piastrina portacaratteri. Ad ogni tasto corrisponde un martelletto e l'insieme dei martelletti, racchiusi a semicerchio, prendono il nome di "cesta dei martelletti" o "cesta delle leve".

Mediante la pressione della piastrina portacaratteri sul nastro inchiostrato, dietro al quale è posizionato il foglio, si ottiene l'impressione del segno di scrittura.

È presente nelle macchine per scrivere meccaniche a più elementi di scrittura.

Le piastrine portacaratteri vanno pulite periodicamente tramite un pennello a setole dure in quanto, a seguito della pressione sul nastro inchiostrato, tendono a sporcarsi causando così la perdita di nitidezza del carattere in fase di battitura.

L'origine del termine deriva dal pianoforte, lo strumento musicale nel quale è l'elemento che percuote le corde.
La tastiera del pianoforte, invece, ispirò Giuseppe Ravizza per il primo prototipo di macchina per scrivere, che chiamò infatti "cembalo scrivano".

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