Manifesto Debian

Ian Murdock, fondatore del Debian Project e autore del manifesto.

Il manifesto Debian è un documento scritto da Ian Murdock e revisionato il 6 gennaio del 1994, in contemporanea con l'uscita di Debian 0.91, per riassumere gli scopi e la filosofia di questo nuovo sistema operativo unix-like nato dall'unione del sistema operativo GNU con il kernel Linux.[1]

Contenuto

Il manifesto era diviso in tre sezioni; tra i punti più importanti, l'apertura dello sviluppo a tutta la comunità informatica e la collaborazione con la Free Software Foundation; l'intenzione di creare una distribuzione "Debian Linux" facile da utilizzare e ben mantenuta senza mai diventare un prodotto commerciale; il continuo sviluppo del sistema con la possibilità di competere sul libero mercato.[1]

Maturazione

Così come altri manifesti, il progetto Debian ha subito una significativa maturazione rispetto agli scopi e alla filosofia originariamente prefissati.[1][2] Un esempio è l'ambigua allusione di non voler mai essere un prodotto commerciale. Tale considerazione è considerabile come un divieto di utilizzo per scopi commerciali[3], in contrasto con il fatto che un software libero e una licenza libera non possono porre questo tipo di restrizioni.[4][5]

Alcuni pensieri mancanti nel manifesto originale diventarono invece i tratti più caratteristici di Debian. Un esempio è la sua universalità[6], da intendersi con il supporto di una notevole quantità di architetture mantenendo per tutte una grande quantità di software libero compilato nativamente per ognuna di esse.[7][8] In questo senso anche gli «sforzi verso la realizzazione di un sistema operativo composto interamente di software libero», seguendo i passi del progetto GNU, non era originariamente nel manifesto, così come il supporto per diversi altri kernel oltre che a Linux.[1][2] Anche l'adozione della denominazione "GNU/Linux" non era prevista nel manifesto, cosa che invece è mantenuta per differenziare Debian GNU/Linux da Debian GNU/Hurd, Debian GNU/kFreeBSD, ecc.

Note

  1. ^ a b c d Manifesto iniziale del progetto Debian, su debian.org, 1º giugno 1994. URL consultato il 28 maggio 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 4 marzo 2016).
  2. ^ a b Capitolo 1 - Introduzione — Cos'è il Progetto Debian?, su debian.org. URL consultato il 28 maggio 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 9 agosto 2016).
  3. ^ Attribuzione - Non commerciale 4.0 Internazionale, su creativecommons.org. URL consultato il 28 maggio 2016.
  4. ^ Vendere Software Libero, su gnu.org. URL consultato il 28 maggio 2016.
  5. ^ (EN) Understanding Free Cultural Works, su creativecommons.org. URL consultato il 28 maggio 2016.
  6. ^ Debian -- Il sistema operativo universale, su debian.org. URL consultato il 28 maggio 2016.
  7. ^ Port di Debian su altre architetture, su debian.org. URL consultato il 28 maggio 2016.
  8. ^ (EN) List of sections in "sid", su packages.debian.org. URL consultato il 28 maggio 2016.

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