Mahmut Şevket Pascià

Mahmut Şevket
Gran visir dell'Impero ottomano
Durata mandato23 gennaio 1913 –
11 giugno 1913
MonarcaMehmed V
PredecessoreKıbrıslı Mehmed Kamil Pascià (IV mandato)
SuccessoreSaid Halim Pascià
Dati generali
Partito politicoComitato di Unione e Progresso

Mahmut Şevket Pascià (turco ottomano محمود شوكت باشا traslitterato: Maḥmūd Şevket Paşa; Baghdad, 1856 – Istanbul, 11 giugno 1913) è stato un generale e Gran visir ottomano.

Biografia

Mahmut Şevket Pascià
Mahmut Şevket Pascià

Le origini della sua famiglia sono ancora oggi dibattute: alcune fonti affermano che avesse discendenze georgiane, altre asseriscono che la sua famiglia provenisse dalla Cecenia o dalla Circassia.[1][2][3][4][5]. Mahmut Şevket nacque a Baghdad, dove completò la propria istruzione secondaria, prima di entrare nell'Accademia Militare (Mekteb-i Harbiye) di Istanbul.[6] Lasciò l'Accademia col grado di sottotenente nel 1882 e passò poi vario tempo in Francia per studiare la tecnologia militare, prima di essere destinato a Creta per un certo periodo di tempo. Quindi tornò in Accademia come docente.

Operò alle dipendenze di Colmar Freiherr von der Goltz (Goltz Pascià) per un certo periodo e si recò nell'Impero tedesco. Divenne poi Governatore del Kosovo, dove fu al comando della 3ª Armata ottomana, poi nota come Hareket Ordusu dopo il suo coinvolgimento nei Moti del 31 marzo.

Svolse un ruolo importante per metter fine a quei moti e nel corso di tutto il regno del Sultano ottomano Abdul Hamid II. Servì quindi da Gran Vizir del sultano Mehmet V in seguito al colpo di stato del 1913 tra il 23 gennaio e l'11 giugno 1913, allorché venne assassinato a Istanbul.[1] Tra le altre cose, gli si attribuisce la creazione degli Squadroni dell'Aeronautica militare ottomana nel 1911 e per aver guidato la prima automobile a Istanbul.

Le rivoltelle usate dagli assassini di Mahmut Şevket Pascià

Onorificenze

Onorificenze ottomane

Onorificenze straniere

Note

  1. ^ a b David Kenneth Fieldhouse: Western imperialism in the Middle East 1914-1958. Oxford University Press, 2006 p. 17
  2. ^ Ali Bilgenoğlu, Osmanlı Devleti'nde Arap milliyetçi cemiyetler, Müdafaa-i Hukuk Yayınları, 2007, p. 87.]
  3. ^ New York Times, 17 maggio 1909, in The New York Times, 17 maggio 1909.
  4. ^ İsmail Hâmi Danişmend, Osmanlı Devlet Erkânı, Türkiye Yayınevi, İstanbul, 1971, p. 101 (in turco).
  5. ^ Nâzım Tektaş, Sadrazamlar: Osmanlı'da ikinci adam saltanatı, Çatı Kitapları, 2002.
  6. ^ Caroline Finkel, Osman's Dream, Basic Books, 2005, p. 57.

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Controllo di autoritàVIAF (EN) 62937258 · ISNI (EN) 0000 0000 8142 5158 · LCCN (EN) n84014436 · GND (DE) 103880079X · BNF (FR) cb13544244d (data) · J9U (EN, HE) 987007276342605171
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