Magnicidio

Litografia dell'assassinio del presidente statunitense Abramo Lincoln.

Il magnicidio[1] (termine spagnolo[2], dal latino: magnus, letteralmente "grande" di meriti/importanza, e un derivato di caedere, "uccidere"[1]) è l'omicidio di una personalità di spicco come ad esempio un'importante figura politica, religiosa o artistica[senza fonte].

L'assassino è solitamente mosso da una motivazione ideologica o politica e dall'intenzione di provocare una crisi istituzionale od organizzativa (decapitazione del vertice) e/o di eliminare un avversario che si considera un ostacolo per la realizzazione dei propri piani.

Il reato è storicamente pesantemente punito e può essere trattato come una circostanza aggravante o come una tipologia specifica (fattispecie di reato). In generale esso comporta la morte di una o più persone specifiche a seconda della loro posizione sociale o celebrità e rientri nella tipologia di assassinio od omicidio nell'esecuzione del crimine.[senza fonte]

In alcuni Stati il fatto è circostanziato alla sola morte del capo dello Stato. In altri è più ampio comprendendo il presidente del governo o il primo ministro, i presidenti del Parlamento o del Congresso o della famiglia dei regnanti, quando il sistema è una monarchia. In quest'ultimo caso è inclusa la morte dei successori o degli eredi diretti della Corona.

Il termine è stato anche usato definire gli omicidi di esponenti politici e religiosi, quali l'assassinio del presidente degli Stati Uniti Abramo Lincoln, del vicepresidente del Paraguay Luis María Argaña, dei candidati presidenziali colombiani Jorge Eliécer Gaitán e Luis Carlos Galán, dell'ex presidente cileno Eduardo Frei Montalva, candidato presidenziale messicano Luis Donaldo Colosio Murrieta o nel tempo dei vari esponenti della famiglia indiana dei Gandhi (Mahatma Gandhi, Indira Gandhi, Rajiv Gandhi).

Note

  1. ^ a b Enzo La Sella, Lo sai perché si dice? Storia e curiosità di 1300 vocaboli, modi di dire e frasi famose, Milano, Sonzogno, 1993, p. 121, ISBN 978-88-454-0559-4.
  2. ^ magnicidio, su Dizionario di Spagnolo. URL consultato il 15 luglio 2024.

Voci correlate

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