Louise d'Épinay

Louise Florence Pétronille d'Épinay, nata Tardieu d'Esclavelles (Valenciennes, 11 marzo 1726 – Parigi, 17 aprile 1783), è stata una scrittrice francese. Fu protettrice di Jean-Jacques Rousseau e tenne un salotto letterario frequentato dai migliori intellettuali europei dell'epoca.

Biografia

Louise Tardieu d'Esclavelles nacque a Valenciennes: dopo la morte in battaglia del padre, militare di carriera, sposò il facoltoso cugino Denis Joseph de La Live d'Épinay, alto funzionario pubblico. Il matrimonio non fu felice e Louise d'Epinay cercò consolazione nell'amore per il giovane Dupin de Francueil: la sua infedeltà giustificò la richiesta di divorzio del marito, formalizzata nel 1749, a seguito del quale la d'Épinay si ritirò nel castello di La Chevrette, presso Montmorency, dove iniziò a ricevere numerosi visitatori illustri (tra i quali Charles Pinot Duclos, Voltaire, Carlo Goldoni, Ferdinando Galiani, Paul-Henri Dietrich d'Holbach e, soprattutto, Jean-Jacques Rousseau e Melchior Grimm).

Grande ammiratrice di Rousseau, nel 1756 lo invitò a stabilirsi in uno chalet (il cosiddetto Ermitage) ai margini del parco della Chevrette, dove il filosofo rimase per qualche tempo: si staccò dalla sua protettrice a causa dell'indiscrezione di Diderot e di Grimm, che divenne amante della d'Épinay.^[1]

Questo nuovo amore segnò un punto di svolta per la letterata, che non sopportò più lo stile di vita sino ad allora condotto alla Chevrette ed iniziò a viaggiare: soggiornò lungamente a Ginevra (1757 - 1759), dove fu ospite di Voltaire. Durante l'assenza di Grimm dalla Francia (1775 - 1776) fu lei a continuare, sotto la guida di Diderot, la corrispondenza con i vari sovrani europei iniziata dall'amante.

La d'Épinay trascorse gran parte del resto della sua vita a La Briche, piccola abitazione presso La Chevrette, nel territorio di Deuil-la-Barre, dove continuò ad animare un circolo di uomini di lettere. Lasciò due importanti libri di memorie: i Mes moments heureux (1758) e le Mémoires de Mme d'Epinay (pubblicate postume nel 1818), che presentano un quadro completo ed efficace della società e dei costumi dell'epoca.

Compose anche vari saggi di morale, tra i quali Mes moments heureux (1752) e opere pedagogiche, come Lettres á mon fils (1758) e soprattutto Conversations d'Émilie (1774), premiata dall'Accademia di Francia, nella quale si ispirò al modello di Rousseau per fornire consigli a sua nipote.

Note

^ Le Muse, De Agostini, Novara, Vol. IV, pag.366

Altri progetti

Wikisource contiene una pagina in lingua francese dedicata a Louise d'Épinay
Wikimedia Commons contiene immagini o altri file su Louise d'Épinay

Collegamenti esterni

(IT, DE, FR) Louise d'Épinay, su hls-dhs-dss.ch, Dizionario storico della Svizzera.
(EN) Louise-Florence-Pétronille Tardieu d’Esclavelles, dame de la Live d’Épinay, su Enciclopedia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
(EN) Opere di Louise d'Épinay, su Open Library, Internet Archive.

Controllo di autorità	VIAF (EN) 51720337 · ISNI (EN) 0000 0001 1062 2282 · SBN CUBV060599 · BAV 495/70524 · CERL cnp00874115 · LCCN (EN) n82222291 · GND (DE) 118685015 · BNF (FR) cb121076379 (data) · J9U (EN, HE) 987007260978405171 · NDL (EN, JA) 00557808

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