Leucopaxillus giganteus

Abbozzo
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Leucopaxillus giganteus
Leucopaxillus giganteus
Classificazione scientifica
DominioEukaryota
RegnoFungi
DivisioneBasidiomycota
ClasseBasidiomycetes
OrdineAgaricales
FamigliaTricholomataceae
GenereLeucopaxillus
SpecieL. giganteus
Nomenclatura binomiale
Leucopaxillus giganteus
(Sowerby) Singer, 1939

Agarico gigante o anche Cardinale gigante (Campania) (Leucopaxillus giganteus (Sowerby) Singer, Schweiz. Z. Pilzk., 1982A Sondernummer 123 (Mycologia Helvetica) 17: 14 (1939)) è un fungo della famiglia delle Tricholomataceae.

Etimologia

Dal latino giganteus = gigante, per le sue dimensioni.

Descrizione

Cappello

30 cm di diametro, prima convesso, poi appianato, imbutiforme

margine
involuto, solcato o fessurato
cuticola
biancastra, poi crema, asciutta

Lamelle

Fitte, decorrenti sul gambo; color ocra chiaro, poi brunastre al tocco; facilmente staccabili dal cappello, biforcate.

Gambo

Cilindrico, tenace, concolore al cappello, 6-7 x 3–5 cm.

Carne

bianca

Tavola n.244 del Coloured Figures of English Fungi or Mushrooms di James Sowerby

Caratteri microscopici

Spore
Bianche in massa. Ellittiche, lisce e biguttulate senza poro germinativo, amiloidi. Dimensioni 6-10 x 5-7 µm.

Reazioni chimiche

L. giganteus contiene un principio attivo chiamato clitocina che ha un'attività antibiotica nei confronti del Bacillus cereus e del Bacillus subtilis.[1][2] Si è dimostrato in vitro che la clitocina provochi anche apoptosi (morte cellulare) nelle cellule tumorali del cancro della cervice (HeLa).[3] Il micelio di L. giganteus coltivato in idrocoltura, produce fenoli e flavonoidi con attività antiossidante.[4]

Distribuzione e habitat

Fruttifica da luglio a novembre in zone fresche, tra l'erba, nei pascoli, spesso in cerchi.

Commestibilità

Alcuni dei contenuti riportati potrebbero generare situazioni di pericolo o danni. Le informazioni hanno solo fine illustrativo, non esortativo né didattico. L'uso di Wikipedia è a proprio rischio: leggi le avvertenze.

Buono.

Tassonomia

Sinonimi e binomi obsoleti

  • Agaricus giganteus Sowerby, Col. fig. Engl. Fung. Mushr. (London): pl. 420 (1794)
  • Aspropaxillus giganteus (Sowerby) Kühner & Maire, Bull. trimest. Soc. mycol. Fr. 50: 13 (1934)
  • Clitocybe gigantea (Sowerby) Quél., Mém. Soc. Émul. Montbéliard, Sér. 2 5: 88 (1872)
  • Omphalia geotropa var. gigantea (Sowerby) Quél., Enchir. fung. (Paris): 23 (1886)
  • Paxillus giganteus (Sowerby) Fr., Hymenomyc. eur. (Upsaliae): 401 (1874)

Note

  1. ^ Müller-Stoll WR., The antibiotic activity of clitocybine and nebularine from Leucopaxillus giganteus and Clitocybe nebularis, in Zeitschrift für Mykologie, vol. 56, n. 1, 1990, pp. 167–86, ISSN 0170-110X (WC · ACNP).
  2. ^ Barros L, Baptista P, Estevinho LM, Ferreira CFR., Bioactive properties of the medicinal mushroom Leucopaxillus giganteus mycelium obtained in the presence of different nitrogen sources, in Food Chemistry, vol. 105, 2007, pp. 179–86, DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.03.063.
  3. ^ Ren G, Zhao YP, Yang L, Fu CX., Anti-proliferative effect of clitocine from the mushroom Leucopaxillus giganteus on human cervical cancer HeLa cells by inducing apoptosis, in Cancer Letters, vol. 262, n. 2, aprile 2008, pp. 190–200, DOI:10.1016/j.canlet.2007.12.013, PMID 18222036. URL consultato il 17 aprile 2009.
  4. ^ Barros L, Ferreira ICFR, Baptista, Phenolics and antioxidant activity of mushroom Leucopaxillus giganteus mycelium at different carbon sources, in Food Science and Technology International, vol. 14, n. 1, 2007, pp. 47–55.

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