Jack St. Clair Kilby

Jack St. Clair Kilby
Medaglia del Premio Nobel Premio Nobel per la fisica 2000

Jack St. Clair Kilby (Jefferson City, 8 novembre 1923 – Dallas, 20 giugno 2005) è stato un ingegnere elettrotecnico statunitense.

Realizzò il primo circuito integrato nel 1958 mentre stava lavorando alla Texas Instruments (TI), nello stesso periodo in cui Robert Noyce creava il suo primo microchip alla Fairchild Semiconductor (anche se il brevetto di Noyce arrivò 6 mesi dopo).

Biografia

Origini e formazione

Kilby nacque a Jefferson City nel Missouri. Passò gran parte della sua gioventù a Great Bend, Kansas e si diplomò alla Great Bend High School. Kilby conseguì la laurea alla Università dell'Illinois all'Urbana-Champaign nel 1947, in Ingegneria elettrica. Ottenne un master's degree all'Università del Wisconsin nel 1950, mentre lavorava al Centralab in Milwaukee.

L'attività alla Texas Instruments

Nell'estate del 1958, Kilby era un ingegnere neo assunto alla Texas Instruments e non aveva ancora diritto alle ferie estive. Egli passò l'estate lavorando su un problema nella progettazione dei circuiti che era comunemente chiamato la tirannia dei numeri e finalmente arrivò alla conclusione che la realizzazione di un gran numero di componenti su un singolo pezzo di semiconduttore fosse la soluzione al problema.

Il 12 settembre presentò le sue ricerche ad alcuni dirigenti della Texas Instruments. Mostrò loro un pezzo di germanio con un oscilloscopio attaccato, premette un interruttore, e l'oscilloscopio mostrò un'onda sinusoidale, provando che il suo circuito integrato funzionava e che in tal modo aveva risolto il problema. Un brevetto per i "Circuiti elettronici miniaturizzati", il primo circuito integrato, fu ottenuto il 6 febbraio 1959. Oltre a quello sui circuiti integrati, Kilby è conosciuto per brevetti relativi alle calcolatrici portatili e alle stampanti termiche. In totale egli ottenne circa 60 brevetti.

Gli ultimi anni e la morte

Dal 1978 al 1985, insegnò Ingegneria elettrica al Texas A&M University. Kilby morì il 20 giugno 2005 all'età di 81 anni, a Dallas Texas dopo una breve battaglia con il tumore (linfoma non Hodgkin).

Riconoscimenti

Brevetti selezionati

Onorificenze

Bibliografia

  • P. Binant, Au coeur de la projection numérique, Actions, 29, 12-13, Kodak, Paris, 2007.
  • T. R. Reid, The chip: how two americans invented the microchip and launched a revolution, Random House Trade Paperbacks, New York, 2001.
  • Nobel lectures, World Scientific Publishing Co., Singapore, 2000.

Voci correlate

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Controllo di autoritàVIAF (EN) 2444944 · ISNI (EN) 0000 0000 7867 1817 · LCCN (EN) n99037851 · GND (DE) 123941369
  Portale Biografie

Read other articles:

Timeline of Indo-Greek kingdoms

Within the Indo-Greek Kingdom there were over 30 kings, often in competition on different territories. Many of them are only known through their coins. Many of the dates, territories, and relationships between Indo-Greek kings are tentative and essentially based on numismatic analysis (find places, overstrikes, monograms, metallurgy, styles), a few Classical writings, and Indian writings and epigraphic evidence. The following list of kings, dates and territories after the reign of Demetrius ...

 

Население Канады

Основная статья: Канадцы Рост населения в Канаде (млн чел.) с 1960 по 2017 гг. Возрастно-половая пирамида населения Канады на 2023 год Возрастно-половые пирамиды населения Канады в 1950—2020 г. Населе́ние Кана́ды — народы, народности (население) проживающие на территории Кана́ды...

 

Task Force TIGRIS

Einsatzgruppe TIGRISEinsatzgruppe TIGRIS PatchActiveJanuary 1, 2002 (Created)2003 (Unofficially Formed) - Present (Existence revealed on September 2005 to Swiss law enforcement, public existence revealed on March 2009)Country  SwitzerlandAgencyFederal Criminal PoliceTypePolice tactical unitRole Counter-terrorism Law enforcement HeadquartersWorblaufenStructureOfficers14 The Einsatzgruppe TIGRIS (English: Task Force TIGRIS, French: Groupe d'intervention TIGRIS, Italian: gruppo d'inter...

Howard Sings Ashman

2008 compilation album by Howard AshmanHoward Sings AshmanCompilation album by Howard AshmanReleasedNovember 11, 2008Recorded1984–1991GenreMusical theaterLabelPS ClassicsProducerSteve Nelson Howard Sings Ashman is a two-disc album compiled by PS Classics as part of their Songwriter Series. The album features Howard Ashman singing selections from his musicals, including God Bless You, Mr. Rosewater (1979), Little Shop of Horrors (1982), Smile (1986), The Little Mermaid (1989), Beauty...

 

アプリケーションソフトウェア

「アプリケーション」はこの項目へ転送されています。英語の意味については「wikt:応用」、「wikt:application」をご覧ください。 この記事には複数の問題があります。改善やノートページでの議論にご協力ください。 出典がまったく示されていないか不十分です。内容に関する文献や情報源が必要です。（2018年4月） 古い情報を更新する必要があります。（2021年3月）出...

 

西遊記大結局之仙履奇緣

本條目存在以下問題，請協助改善本條目或在討論頁針對議題發表看法。 此條目需要編修，以確保文法、用詞、语气、格式、標點等使用恰当。 (2013年8月6日)請按照校對指引，幫助编辑這個條目。（幫助、討論） 此條目剧情、虛構用語或人物介紹过长过细，需清理无关故事主轴的细节、用語和角色介紹。 (2020年10月6日)劇情、用語和人物介紹都只是用於了解故事主軸，輔助�...

Morony Dam

Dam in Montana, U.S.Morony DamLooking southeast at Morony Dam in 2007Official nameMorony DamLocationCascade County, Montana, U.S.Coordinates47°34′54″N 111°03′26″W / 47.58167°N 111.05722°W / 47.58167; -111.05722Construction began1928Opening date1930Operator(s)NorthWestern CorporationDam and spillwaysImpoundsMissouri RiverHeight94 feet (29 m)[1][2]Length883 feet (269 m)[1]Power StationInstalled capacity49 MWAnn...

 

Penny (uang logam desimal Irlandia)

Uang logam desimal Penny Irlandia Uang logam desimal satu penny (1p) (bahasa Irlandia: pingin) adalah denominasi terkecil kedua pound Irlandia. Uang logam ini pertama kali dikeluarkan pada 15 Februari 1971 ketika desimalisasi mata uang Irlandia. Koin ini adalah salah satu dari tiga desain baru yang diperkenalkan di semua perunggu dan menampilkan burung hias yang dirancang oleh seniman Irlandia Gabriel Hayes di sebaliknya. Uang logam ini memiliki nilai 1/100 di pound Irlandia. Penny ditari...

 

Phenytoin

Anti-seizure medication PhenytoinClinical dataPronunciation/fəˈnɪtoʊɪn, ˈfɛnɪtɔɪn/ Trade namesDilantin, others[1]AHFS/Drugs.comMonographMedlinePlusa682022License data US DailyMed: Phenytoin Pregnancycategory AU: D Toxic to reproduction Routes ofadministrationBy mouth, intravenousDrug classAnticonvulsantATC codeN03AB02 (WHO) Legal statusLegal status AU: S4 (Prescription only) BR: Class C1 (Other controlled substances)[2] CA:...

الدوري التشيكوسلوفاكي 1985–86

الدوري التشيكوسلوفاكي 1985–86 تفاصيل الموسم الدوري التشيكوسلوفاكي  [لغات أخرى]‏  النسخة 79  البلد تشيكوسلوفاكيا  المنظم اتحاد جمهورية التشيك لكرة القدم  مباريات ملعوبة 240   عدد المشاركين 16   الدوري التشيكوسلوفاكي 1984–85  الدوري التشيكوسلوفاكي 1986–87...

 

Alpine skiing at the 1972 Winter Olympics – Women's downhill

Women's Downhillat the XI Olympic Winter GamesAlpine skiingVenueMount EniwaDateFebruary 5Competitors41 from 15 nationsWinning time1:36.68Medalists Marie-Theres Nadig  Switzerland Annemarie Moser-Pröll  Austria Susie Corrock  United States← 19681976 → Alpine skiing at the1972 Winter OlympicsDownhillmenwomenGiant slalommenwomenSlalommenwomenvte Women's DownhillLocationMount EniwaVertical534 m (1,752 ft)Top elevation870 m (2,854...

 

Joshua Tree, California

This article is about the city of Joshua Tree. For the US National Park, see Joshua Tree National Park. Census-designated place in California, United StatesJoshua Tree, CaliforniaCensus-designated placeJoshua TreeCentral Joshua Tree in 2013Location in San Bernardino County and the state of CaliforniaJoshua Tree, CaliforniaLocation in the United StatesCoordinates: 34°08′05″N 116°18′42″W / 34.13472°N 116.31167°W / 34.13472; -116.31167Country United State...

I486

Successor to the Intel 386 i486The exposed die of an Intel 486DX2General informationLaunchedApril 10, 1989[2]DiscontinuedSeptember 28, 2007[1]Designed byIntel, with Pat Gelsinger as chief architectCommon manufacturerIntel, IBM, AMD, Texas Instruments, Harris Semiconductor, UMC, SGS ThomsonPerformanceMax. CPU clock rate16  to 100 MHz[a]FSB speeds16 MHz to 50 MHzData width32 bits[3]Address width32 bits[3]Virtual address width32 bits (l...

 

Shahrbanoo Amani

Iranian politician Shahrbanoo AmaniMember of City Council of TehranIn office23 August 2017[1] – 4 August 2021Majority1,296,657[2]Member of the Parliament of IranIn office28 May 1996 – 28 May 2004ConstituencyUrmiaMajority189,526 Personal detailsBorn1960 (age 63–64)Urmia, IranPolitical party Executives of Construction Party Islamic Iran Solidarity Party[3] Residence(s)Tehran, IranAlma materState Management Training CenterOccupationPolitic...

 

Charles Batchelor

Charles Batchelor Información personalNacimiento 25 de diciembre de 1845 Fallecimiento 1 de enero de 1910 (64 años)Información profesionalOcupación Inventor [editar datos en Wikidata] Charles W. Batchelor (Mánchester, 25 de diciembre de 1845 - 1 de enero de 1910) fue un inventor británico. Colaborador cercano durante gran parte de la carrera de Thomas Alva Edison y Jairo Benjamín Urrutia, tuvo una intervención destacada en algunos de los logros más notables del inventor est...

Jared Young

Canadian baseball player (born 1995) Baseball player Jared YoungYoung with the Iowa Cubs in 2022Doosan Bears – No. 95Utility playerBorn: (1995-07-09) July 9, 1995 (age 29)Prince George, British Columbia, CanadaBats: LeftThrows: RightProfessional debutMLB: September 16, 2022, for the Chicago CubsKBO: July 30, 2024, for the Doosan BearsMLB statistics (through 2023 season)Batting average.210Home runs2Runs batted in8KBO statistics (through August 2, 2024)Batti...

 

アレクサンドル・ミトリツァ

アレクサンドル・ミトリツァ 名前本名 アレクサンドル・ヨヌツ・ミトリツァラテン文字 Alexandru Mitriță基本情報国籍  ルーマニア生年月日 (1995-02-08) 1995年2月8日（29歳）出身地 クラヨーヴァ身長 165cm体重 66kg選手情報在籍チーム PAOKテッサロニキポジション FW(LW)/MF(AMF)背番号 28利き足 右足 クラブ1年 クラブ 出場 (得点)2011-2012 トゥルヌ・セヴェリン 5 (0)2013-2015 ヴィト�...

 

ウンベルト・サバ

ウンベルト・サバ（1951年） ウンベルト・サバの胸像（トリエステの公共公園で） トリエステにあるウンベルト・サバの中古書店（2008年） ウンベルト・サバ（イタリア語: Umberto Saba、1883年3月9日 – 1957年8月26日）は、生まれはウンベルト・ポリ（Umberto Poli）で、オーストリア＝ハンガリー帝国からイタリアへ編入されたトリエステで主に活躍した詩人である。詩風は...

Yehuda Amichai

Israeli poet and author Yehuda AmichaiBorn(1924-05-03)3 May 1924Würzburg, GermanyDied22 September 2000(2000-09-22) (aged 76)IsraelLanguageHebrewCitizenshipIsraeliGenrePoetry Yehuda Amichai (Hebrew: יהודה עמיחי; born Ludwig Pfeuffer ‎3 May 1924 – 22 September 2000) was an Israeli poet and author, one of the first to write in colloquial Hebrew in modern times.[1] Amichai was awarded the 1957 Shlonsky Prize, the 1969 Brenner Prize, 1976 Bialik Prize, and 1982 Isra...

 

Disappearance of Emanuela Orlandi

Vatican teenager missing since 1983 Emanuela OrlandiMissing person poster made for Orlandi, used in Rome in 1983Born(1968-01-14)14 January 1968Rome, ItalyDisappeared22 June 1983 (aged 15)Rome, ItalyStatusMissing for 41 years, 3 months and 10 daysNationalityVaticanHeight160 cm (5 ft 3 in)ParentsErcole Orlandi (father)Maria Pezzano[1] (mother)FamilyPietro Orlandi (brother)Natalina Orlandi (sister)Federica Orlandi (sister)Maria Cristina Orlandi(sister) ...