Impianti di energia solare termodinamica

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Questa lista è suscettibile di variazioni e potrebbe essere incompleta o non aggiornata.

Il PS10 centrale termosolare costruita a Sanlúcar la Mayor, vicino a Siviglia, in Spagna
Part of the 354 MW SEGS solar complex in San Bernardino, California, United States.
The PS10 and PS20 solar power plant near Siviglia, in Andalusia, Spain.
The recent Ivanpah solar project in San Bernardino, California, United States.
The Andasol Solar Power Station, Spain, uses a molten salt thermal energy storage to generate electricity, even when the sun isn't shining.
Parts of the Solnova Solar Power Station in the foreground. The two towers of the PS10 and PS20 solar power stations can be seen in the background.


Questa è una lista dei più grandi impianti di generazione di energia elettrica attraverso l'uso di energia solare termodinamica, sistemi a concentrazione solare, che vanno da 392 MW a 0,25 MW.

Operativi

Operational Solar Thermal Power Stations
Potenza elettrica MW Nome centrale Nazione Località Coordinate Tipo di tecnologia Note
392 Ivanpah Solar Power Facility Stati Uniti (bandiera) San Bernardino County, California 35°34′N 115°28′W solar power tower Completed in February 13, 2014[1][2][3]
359 Solar Energy Generating Systems (SEGS) Stati Uniti (bandiera) Mojave Desert, California 35°01′54″N 117°20′53″W Cilindro parabolico Collection of 9 units[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]
280 Mojave Solar Project Stati Uniti (bandiera) Barstow, California 35°00′40″N 117°19′30″W Cilindro parabolico Completed December 2014. Gross capacity of 280 MW corresponds to net capacity of 250 MW[13][14][15]
280 Solana Generating Station Stati Uniti (bandiera) Gila Bend, Arizona 32°55′N 112°58′W Cilindro parabolico Completed in October 2013, with 6h thermal energy storage[16][17]
250 Genesis Solar Energy Project Stati Uniti (bandiera) Blythe, California 33°38′37.68″N 114°59′16.8″W Cilindro parabolico Online April 24, 2014[18][19]
200 Solaben Solar Power Station[20] Spagna (bandiera) Logrosán 39°13′29″N 5°23′26″W Cilindro parabolico Solaben 3 completed June 2012[21]

Solaben 2 completed October 2012[21]
Solaben 1 and 6 completed September 2013[22]

160 Noor I Marocco (bandiera) Ghassate, Ouarzazate Province 30°59′40″N 6°51′48″W Cilindro parabolico with 3h heat storage[23][24]
150 Solnova Solar Power Station Spagna (bandiera) Sanlúcar la Mayor 37°25′00″N 6°17′20″W Cilindro parabolico Solnova 1 completed May 2010

Solnova 3 completed May 2010
Solnova 4 completed August 2010[25][26][27][28][29]

150 Andasol solar power station Spagna (bandiera) Guadix 37°13′42.7″N 3°04′06.73″W Cilindro parabolico Completed: Andasol 1 (2008), Andasol 2 (2009), Andasol 3 (2011). Each equipped with a 7.5-hour thermal energy storage.[30][31]
150 Extresol Solar Power Station Spagna (bandiera) Torre de Miguel Sesmero 38°39′N 6°44′W Cilindro parabolico Completed: Extresol 1 and 2 (2010), Extresol 3 (2012). Each equipped with a 7.5-hour thermal energy storage.[21][32][33]
110 Crescent Dunes Solar Energy Project Stati Uniti (bandiera) Nye County, Nevada 38°14′N 117°22′W solar power tower with 10h heat storage; commercial operation began September 2015[34]
100 KaXu Solar One Sudafrica (bandiera) Pofadder, Northern Cape 28°53′40.56″S 19°35′53.52″E Cilindro parabolico with 2.5h heat storage[35][36][37]
100 GUZMAN Spagna (bandiera) Palma del Río 37°38′N 5°15′W Cilindro parabolico Palma del Rio 2 completed December 2010[21]

Palma del Rio 1 completed July 2011[21]

100 Manchasol Power Station Spagna (bandiera) Alcázar de San Juan 39°11′N 3°18′W Cilindro parabolico Manchasol 1 and 2 completed in 2011, each with 7.5h heat storage[21]
100 Valle Solar Power Station Spagna (bandiera) San José del Valle 36°39′N 5°50′W Cilindro parabolico Completed December 2011, with 7.5h heat storage[21][38]
100 Helioenergy Solar Power Station Spagna (bandiera) Écija 37°34′43″N 5°09′24″W Cilindro parabolico Helioenergy 1 completed September 2011[39][40]

Helioenergy 2 completed January 2012[21][39][40]

100 Aste Solar Power Station Spagna (bandiera) Alcázar de San Juan 39°10′22″N 3°15′58″W Cilindro parabolico Aste 1A Completed January 2012, with 8h heat storage[21]

Aste 1B Completed January 2012, with 8h heat storage[21]

100 Solacor Solar Power Station Spagna (bandiera) El Carpio 37°54′54″N 4°30′09″W Cilindro parabolico Solacor 1 completed February 2012[21]

Solacor 2 completed March 2012[21][41]

100 Helios Solar Power Station Spagna (bandiera) Puerto Lápice 39°14′24″N 3°28′12″W Cilindro parabolico Helios 1 completed May 2012[21]

Helios 2 completed August 2012[21]

100 Shams solar power station Emirati Arabi Uniti (bandiera) Abu Dhabi Madinat Zayed 23°34′N 53°42′E Cilindro parabolico Shams 1 completed March 2013[42][43]
100 Termosol Solar Power Station Spagna (bandiera) Navalvillar de Pela Cilindro parabolico Both Termosol 1 and 2 completed in 2013[21]
100 Palma del Río I & II Spagna (bandiera) Palma del Río 37°38′42.56″N 5°15′29.32″W Cilindro parabolico Completed July 2012[21]
75 Martin Next Generation Solar Energy Center Stati Uniti (bandiera) Indiantown, Florida 27°03′11″N 80°33′00″W ISCC con Cilindro parabolico Completed December 2010[44]
64 Nevada Solar One Stati Uniti (bandiera) Boulder City, Nevada 35°48′N 114°58.6′W Cilindro parabolico Operational since 2007
50 Khi Solar One Sudafrica (bandiera) Upington 28°33′00.36″S 21°05′05.28″E solar power tower Completed Feb 2016

With 2h heat storage[35][36]

50 Bokpoort Sudafrica (bandiera) Groblershoop 28°43′26.96″S 21°59′34.88″E Cilindro parabolico with 9h heat storage[45][46]
50 Puertollano Solar Thermal Power Plant Spagna (bandiera) Puertollano, Ciudad Real 38°39′N 3°58′W Cilindro parabolico Completed May 2009[47]
50 Alvarado I Spagna (bandiera) Badajoz 38°49′37″N 6°49′34″W Cilindro parabolico Completed July 2009[48][49][50]
50 La Florida Spagna (bandiera) Alvarado (Badajoz) Cilindro parabolico Completed July 2010[21][51]
50 Arenales PS Spagna (bandiera) Morón de la Frontera (Siviglia) 2013 parabolic trough[21][52][53]
50 Casablanca Spagna (bandiera) Talarrubias 2013 parabolic trough[21]
50 Majadas de Tiétar Spagna (bandiera) Caceres 39°58′10″N 5°44′32″W Cilindro parabolico Completed August 2010[21][54]
50 La Dehesa Spagna (bandiera) La Garrovilla (Badajoz) 38°57′35″N 6°27′50″W Cilindro parabolico Completed November 2010[21]
50 Lebrija-1 Spagna (bandiera) Lebrija Cilindro parabolico Completed July 2011[21][55]
50 Astexol 2 Spagna (bandiera) Badajoz 38°48′42″N 7°03′36″W Cilindro parabolico Completed November 2011, with 7.5h thermal energy storage[21][52]
50 Morón Spagna (bandiera) Morón de la Frontera 37°07′11.24″N 5°33′50.45″W Cilindro parabolico Completed May 2012[21]
50 La Africana Spagna (bandiera) Posada Cilindro parabolico Completed July 2012, with 7.5h thermal energy storag[21]
50 Olivenza 1 Spagna (bandiera) Olivenza 38°45′18.73″N 7°08′40.42″W Cilindro parabolico Completed July 2012[21]
50 Orellana Spagna (bandiera) Orellana la Vieja 39°01′17.6″N 5°31′57.4″W Cilindro parabolico Completed August 2012[21]
50 Godawari Green Energy Limited India (bandiera) Naukh 27°36′01″N 72°13′25″E Cilindro parabolico 2013[56][57][58]
50 Enerstar Villena Power Plant Spagna (bandiera) Villena 38°43′41.51″N 0°55′18.23″W Cilindro parabolico Completed 2013[21][59]
31,4 Puerto Errado Spagna (bandiera) Murcia 38°16′42″N 1°36′01″W fresnel reflector Puerto Errado 1 completed April 2009[21][60]

Puerto Errado 2 completed February 2012[21][61]

25 Hassi R'Mel integrated solar combined cycle power station Algeria (bandiera) Hassi R'Mel 33°07′29″N 3°21′07″E ISCC con Cilindro parabolico Completed June 2011[62][63]
22,5 Termosolar Borges Spagna (bandiera) Borges Blanques 41°31′49″N 0°48′10″E Cilindro parabolico biomassa ibrido Completed December 2012[21]
20 PS20 solar power tower Spagna (bandiera) Seville 37°26′38″N 6°15′34″W solar power tower Completed April 2009
20 Kuraymat Plant Egitto (bandiera) Kuraymat 29°16′43″N 31°14′56″E ISCC con Cilindro parabolico Completed December 2010[63][64][65]
20 Ain Beni Mathar Integrated Thermo Solar Combined Cycle Power Plant Marocco (bandiera) Ain Bni Mathar 34°04′11″N 2°06′18″W ISCC con Cilindro parabolico Completed 2011[66][67][68]
19,9 Gemasolar Spagna (bandiera) Fuentes de Andalucía (Seville) 37°33′38.17″N 5°19′53.61″W solar power tower Completed May 2011[69] With 15h heat storage[21]
17 Yazd integrated solar combined cycle power station Iran (bandiera) Yazd 31°57′05″N 54°05′30″E ISCC con Cilindro parabolico Dedicated May 2011[70]
11 PS10 solar power tower Spagna (bandiera) Seville 37°26′36.42″N 6°15′14.28″W solar power tower World's first commercial solar tower in 2007
10 Delingha Solar Power Plant (Supcon) Cina (bandiera) Delingha 37°21′59.42″N 97°17′33.28″E solar power tower Phase 1 of project completed in July 2013,[71] total 50 MW planned[72] NREL[73]
5 Greenway CSP Mersin Solar Tower Plant Turchia (bandiera) Mersin 36°51′57″N 34°36′35″E solar power tower Turkey's first CSP solar tower plant[74]
5 Kimberlina Solar Thermal Energy Plant Stati Uniti (bandiera) Bakersfield, California 35°34′06″N 119°12′06″W fresnel reflector AREVA Solar, formerly Ausra demonstration plant[75]
5 Sierra SunTower Stati Uniti (bandiera) Lancaster, California 34°46′00″N 118°08′00″W solar power tower Completed August 2009[76][77][78]
5 Centrale solare termodinamica Archimede Italia (bandiera) Syracuse, Sicily 37°08′00″N 15°12′58″E ISCC con Cilindro parabolico Completed July 2010. Equipped with heat storage.[79][80]
5 Thai Solar Energy (TSE) 1 Thailandia (bandiera) Huai Krachao Cilindro parabolico Completed November 2011[81]
9 Liddell Power Station Solar Steam Generator Australia (bandiera) New South Wales 32°22′26″S 150°58′40″E ISCC con Cilindro parabolico Electrical equivalent steam boost for coal station. Not yet fully operational.[82][83]
2,5 Acme Solar Thermal Tower India (bandiera) Bikaner, Rajasthan 28°11′02″N 73°14′26.4″E solar power tower Completed 2012[84]
2 Keahole Solar Power Stati Uniti (bandiera) Hawaii 19°42′54″N 156°02′07″W Cilindro parabolico [85][86]
1,5 Jülich Solar Tower Germania (bandiera) Jülich 50°54′54″N 6°23′16″E solar power tower Completed December 2008[87]
1 Feranova CSP Plant Turchia (bandiera) Aydın fresnel reflector Completed December 2012[senza fonte]
1 Saguaro Solar Power Station Stati Uniti (bandiera) Red Rock, Arizona Cilindro parabolico [88]
1 Yanqing (DAHAN) Solar Power Station Cina (bandiera) Yanqing County 40°22′59″N 115°56′14″E solar power tower Completed 2012[89]
0,5 Shiraz solar power plant Iran (bandiera) Shiraz 31°56′N 54°02′E Cilindro parabolico Iran's first solar power plant
0,25 Augustin Fresnel Solar Power Station[90] Francia (bandiera) Targassonne fresnel reflector Prototype, Completed 2012, 0,25 MWh Thermal Energy Storage
4 810,55 Capacità operativa complessiva

In costruzione

Solar Thermal Power Stations under construction
Potenza elettrica

MW

! Nome centrale Nazione Località Coordinate Conclusione dei lavori Tipo di tecnologia Note
200 Noor II Marocco (bandiera) Ghassate (Ouarzazate province) 2017/2018 parabolic trough [91]
121 Ashalim power station 1 Israele (bandiera) Negev desert 30°58′N 34°42′E 2017 solar power tower [92][93][94]
110 Cerro Dominador Solar Thermal Plant (Atacama 1) Cile (bandiera) María Elena, Antofagasta   2018 solar power tower [95]
100 Redstone Solar Thermal Power Sudafrica (bandiera) Northern Cape 28°17′53″S 23°21′56″E 2018 solar power tower with 12h heat storage[96][97][98]
100 Xina Solar One Sudafrica (bandiera) Northern Cape 28°53′40.56″S 19°35′53.52″E 2016 parabolic trough with 5h heat storage[99]
100 Kathu Solar Park Sudafrica (bandiera) Northern Cape 27°31′59.67″S 23°08′10.56″E 2016 parabolic trough with 4.5h heat storage

[100][101][102][103]

100 Ilanga 1 Sudafrica (bandiera) Northern Cape (Upington) 28°29′25.79″S 21°32′27.13″E 2017 linear Fresnel technology with 4.5h heat storage[104][105]
100 El Reboso 2+3 Spagna (bandiera) El Puebla del Rio (Seville) 2015 parabolic trough [106][107]
100 Dhursar India (bandiera) 2014 fresnel reflector [108][109]
100 Diwakar India (bandiera) Askandra 2014 parabolic trough with 3h heat storage[110]
100 KVK Energy Solar Project India (bandiera) Askandra 2014 parabolic trough with 4h heat storage[111]
100 Noor III Marocco (bandiera) Ghassate, Ouarzazate Province 2017/2018 solar power tower [91]
50 Erdos Solar Power Plant Cina (bandiera) Hanggin Banner 2013 parabolic trough [112]
50 Megha Solar Plant India (bandiera) Anantapur, Andhra Pradesh 2013 parabolic trough [113]
50 CGNSED power plant Cina (bandiera) Delingha 37°21′26″N 97°16′18″E sep 2016 parabolic trough [114]
27,5 Jinshawan Cina (bandiera) Cina solar updraft tower

Operations underway at 200 kW.[115]

25 Gujarat Solar One India (bandiera) Kutch 23°22.233′N 70°41.988′E 2013 parabolic trough with 9h heat storage[116]
17 Stillwater Stati Uniti (bandiera) Nevada 2014 parabolic trough [117]
12 Alba Nova 1 Francia (bandiera) Corsica July, 2015 fresnel reflector First utility-scale solar thermal plant in France[118][119]
5 Sundt Power Plant Stati Uniti (bandiera) Arizona 2014 fresnel reflector [120]
3 Airlight Energy Ait Baha Plant Marocco (bandiera) Ait Baha 2013 parabolic trough with 12h heat storage[121]
1,5 Sundrop Australia (bandiera) Port Augusta 2016 solar power tower [122]
1,5 Tooele Army Depot Stati Uniti (bandiera) Tooele 2013 dish [123]
1,4 THEMIS Solar Power Tower Francia (bandiera) Pyrénées-Orientales 42°30′05″N 1°58′27″E solar power tower Hybrid solar/gas power plant[124]
1 e-Cube 1 Cina (bandiera) Hainan 2013 Modular Heliostat First Modular Heliostat solar thermal plant in the world[125]
1 Renovalia Spagna (bandiera) Albacete dish [21]

Annunciati

Solar Thermal Power Stations Announced
Potenza elettrica

MW

!Nome centrale Nazione Località Coordinate Tipo di tecnologia Note
2 000 Ordos Cina (bandiera) Mongolian desert, China solar power tower [126]
1 540 Solar Energy Project Marocco (bandiera) Ain Bni Mathar, Foum Al Quad, Boujdour, Sebkhat Tah - Morocco unknown [127]
260 Copiapó Solar Project Cile (bandiera) Atacama Desert, Chile solar power tower PV integrated. With 14h heat storage [128]
280 Al-Abdaliya Kuwait (bandiera) Kuwait parabolic trough [129]
120 Shneur Solar Power Station Israele (bandiera) Tze'elim, Mehoz HaDarom, Israel parabolic trough [130]
100 Solnova 2, 4–5 Spagna (bandiera) Sevilla 37°25′00″N 6°17′20″W parabolic trough with heat storage [131]
100 CAP SunEdison Cile (bandiera) Atacama Desert, Chile [132]
72 Mashhad solar-thermal power station Iran (bandiera) Mashhad, Iran Parabolic dish with tracer system [133]
60 Mashavei Sadde solar-thermal power station Israele (bandiera) Mashavei Sadde (Negev), Israel CSP [134]
50 AZ 20 Spagna (bandiera) Sevilla solar power tower [131]
30 Archetype SW 550 solar power plant Italia (bandiera) Passo Martino (CT), Sicily Parabolic trough with heat storage, biomass integration and cogenerating desalination [135][136]
20 Almaden Plant Spagna (bandiera) Albacete solar power tower [137]
14 Agua Prieta II integrated solar combined cycle power station Messico (bandiera) Agua Prieta (Sonora), Mexico ISCC [138][139]
10 Gotasol Spagna (bandiera) Gotarrendura linear fresnel [140]
0,08 Aznalcollar TH Spagna (bandiera) Sevilla dish sterling [131]
5 706,08 Overall capacity announced

Chiusi

  • Solar One impianto pilota, operativo 1982-1986; convertito in Solar Two, operativo 1995-1999; sito demolito 2009 - USA California, 10 MW, power tower design
  • SES-5 — USSR, 5 MW, power tower design, acqua / vapore, periodo di servizio 1985-1989
  • Maricopa Solar — USA Peoria, Arizona, 1,5 MW dish stirling SES / Tessera Solar's first commercial-scale Dish Stirling power plant. Completato gennaio 2010,[141] dismesso settembre 2011 e venduto a CondiSys Solar Technology of China aprile 2012.[142][143]

Note

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  2. ^ PG&E and BrightSource Sign Contracts for Over 1,300 MW of Solar Thermal
  3. ^ World’s Largest Solar Thermal Power Project at Ivanpah Achieves Commercial Operation
  4. ^ Solar Electric Generating Station I
  5. ^ Solar Electric Generating Station II
  6. ^ Solar Electric Generating Station III
  7. ^ Solar Electric Generating Station IV
  8. ^ Solar Electric Generating Station V
  9. ^ Solar Electric Generating Station VI
  10. ^ Solar Electric Generating Station VII
  11. ^ Solar Electric Generating Station VIII
  12. ^ Solar Electric Generating Station IX
  13. ^ csp-world.com Abengoa's Mojave 250 MW CSP plant enters commercial operation Archiviato il 2 aprile 2016 in Internet Archive., 2 December 2014
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  15. ^ CSP World: Abengoa closes $1.2 billion financing for the Mojave Solar Project and starts construction, su csp-world.com. URL consultato il 1º dicembre 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 10 dicembre 2014).
  16. ^ Abengoa Solar: Abengoa’s Solana, the US’s first large-scale solar plant with thermal energy storage system, begins commercial operation, su abengoasolar.com. URL consultato il 1º dicembre 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 16 dicembre 2014).
  17. ^ SolarServer: Concentrating solar power: Solana CSP plant begins commercial operation Archiviato il 16 ottobre 2013 in Internet Archive.
  18. ^ CSP World Archiviato il 4 aprile 2014 in Internet Archive.
  19. ^ Another Huge Solar Plant Goes Online in California's Desert Archiviato il 15 maggio 2016 nel Portuguese Web Archive., Chris Clarke, REWIRE, May 5, 2014
  20. ^ Abengoa Solar begins construction on Extremadura’s second solar concentrating solar power plant, su abengoasolar.com. URL consultato il 1º dicembre 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 4 dicembre 2009).
  21. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag Mapa de proyectos en España Archiviato il 27 ottobre 2014 in Internet Archive.
  22. ^ CSP World: Abengoa closes financing and begin operation of Solaben 1 & 6 CSP plants in Spain, su csp-world.com. URL consultato il 1º dicembre 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 16 ottobre 2013).
  23. ^ Saudi Power Developer Gives Spanish Firms Work in Morocco
  24. ^ King Mohammed VI of Morocco will inaugurate the first phase of solar plant “Noor I,” on Sunday in Ouarzazate, according to Minister Delegate in Charge of Environment Hakima El Haite
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  26. ^ Abengoa Begins Operation of 50MW Concentrating Solar Power Plant, su sustainablebusiness.com, SustainableBusiness.com News, 6 maggio 2010. URL consultato il 7 maggio 2010.
  27. ^ Abengoa Solar begins commercial operation of Solnova 1 Archiviato il 7 luglio 2011 in Internet Archive.
  28. ^ Abengoa Solar begins commercial operation of Solnova 3 Archiviato il 15 giugno 2010 in Internet Archive.
  29. ^ Abengoa Solar Reaches Total of 193 Megawatts Operating[collegamento interrotto]
  30. ^ Andasol 1 has started test run, su solarmillennium.de. URL consultato il 1º dicembre 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 22 marzo 2012).
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  32. ^ Solar Thermal Power Generation - A Spanish Success Story Archiviato il 18 marzo 2009 in Internet Archive.
  33. ^ ACS Launches the Operation Phase of its Third Dispatchable 50 MW Thermal Power Plant in Spain, Extresol-1 Archiviato il 20 luglio 2011 in Internet Archive.
  34. ^ Tonopah Solar Energy
  35. ^ a b Abengoa: Plants under construction - South Africa Archiviato il 19 giugno 2013 in Internet Archive.
  36. ^ a b CSP World: Abengoa kicks off South Africa's first CSP plants construction, su csp-world.com. URL consultato il 1º dicembre 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 6 gennaio 2013).
  37. ^ Abengoa Solar :: Our plants :: Operating facilities :: South Africa, su Abengoa Solar. URL consultato il 5 maggio 2015 (archiviato dall'url originale il 6 aprile 2015).
  38. ^ VALLE 1 and VALLE 2 Archiviato il 3 settembre 2009 in Internet Archive.
  39. ^ a b Renewable Energy Magazine: Abengoa-E.ON joint solar thermal electric plant comes online Archiviato il 5 aprile 2012 in Internet Archive.
  40. ^ a b Abengoa Projects in Andalucia
  41. ^ CSP World Solacor 2 comes on-line, su csp-world.com. URL consultato il 1º dicembre 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 14 luglio 2014).
  42. ^ World’s Largest Concentrating Solar Power Plant Launches In Abu Dhabi
  43. ^ Shehab Al Makahleh, Milestone: Shams 1 set to tap solar power, in Gulf News, 23 novembre 2012. URL consultato il 25 novembre 2012.
  44. ^ Here comes the sun! FPL's Next Generation Solar Energy Center to be world's first hybrid solar plant, first utility-scale solar facility in Florida Archiviato il 6 dicembre 2008 in Internet Archive.
  45. ^ Project 7841 : Bokpoort CSP (Concentrating Solar Power) Project, South Africa
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  47. ^ José María Barreda and Ignacio Galán open Iberdrola Renovables’ first solar thermal power plant[collegamento interrotto]
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  50. ^ ACCIONA opens its first CSP plant in Spain, in Extremadura
  51. ^ Spain - A Solar Thermal Powerhouse, su energymatters.com.au. URL consultato il 1º dicembre 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 18 luglio 2010).
  52. ^ a b Concentrated Solar Power(CSP) Archiviato il 2 aprile 2010 in Archive.is.
  53. ^ Solar Millennium AG and OHL Industrial jointly take over planned Spanish 50 megawatt power plant Arenales from Fotowatio Renewable Ventures, su solarmillennium.de. URL consultato il 1º dicembre 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale l'8 agosto 2016).
  54. ^ Acciona starts work on its €237 million CSP plant in Spain[collegamento interrotto]
  55. ^ Solel Begins Construction on New 50 MW Solar Field in Spain using Advanced SunField LP Technology
  56. ^ CSP World: Godawari Green Energy Archiviato il 2 agosto 2013 in Internet Archive.
  57. ^ NREL: Godawari Solar Project
  58. ^ Bloomberg: Godawari Starts Asia’s Biggest Solar-Thermal Power Plant
  59. ^ Enerstar homepage
  60. ^ World First in Solar Power Plant Technology
  61. ^ NREL: Puerto Errado 2 Thermosolar Power Plant
  62. ^ Abengoa Annual Information 2007
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  64. ^ First parabolic trough solar field in Egypt is under construction, su solarmillennium.de. URL consultato il 1º dicembre 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 2 aprile 2009).
  65. ^ Egypt’s first solar-thermal plant goes into operation in Kuraymat, su solarmillennium.de. URL consultato il 1º dicembre 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 3 marzo 2016).
  66. ^ King Mohamed VI Launches Thermo-Solar Energy Plant in Morocco
  67. ^ World Bank: Nurturing Low Carbon Economy in Morocco
  68. ^ Centrale Thermo-Solaire à Cycle Combine Integre d'Ain Beni Mathar
  69. ^ Torresol Energy commissions Gemasolar Power Plant in Spain Archiviato il 5 febbraio 2012 in Internet Archive.
  70. ^ Iran - Yazd integrated solar combined cycle power station, su helioscsp.com, Helios CSP, 21 maggio 2011 (archiviato dall'url originale il 12 agosto 2014).
  71. ^ MeetingChina: China’s First Solar-thermal Power Project Achieved Grid-connected Power Generation Archiviato il 7 marzo 2016 in Internet Archive.
  72. ^ SUPCON: Delingha 50 MW Solar Power Plant Succeed in Producing Steam, su en.supcon.com. URL consultato il 1º dicembre 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale l'11 aprile 2021).
  73. ^ NREL: Supcon Solar Project
  74. ^ [1]
  75. ^ Ausra’s first solar thermal plant starts up
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  77. ^ eSolar Ushers in New Era of Solar Energy with Unveiling of Sierra Power Plant Archiviato l'11 agosto 2009 in Internet Archive.
  78. ^ SciAm - First U.S. "Power Tower" Lights Up California
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  80. ^ At Priolo Enel Inaugurates the "Archimede" Power Plant[collegamento interrotto]
  81. ^ Weekly Intelligence Brief: November 28 – December 5 Archiviato il 10 maggio 2015 in Internet Archive.
  82. ^ CLFR Archiviato il 13 aprile 2011 in Internet Archive.
  83. ^ Solar thermal plant at the Liddell Power Station gets government support Archiviato il 5 febbraio 2009 in Internet Archive.
  84. ^ Solar Thermal Archiviato il 9 maggio 2013 in Internet Archive.
  85. ^ Sopogy Wins Innovative Company of the Year 2008 Archiviato il 2 dicembre 2016 in Internet Archive.
  86. ^ Aloha, MicroCSP: Sopogy 2MW solar thermal system inaugurated on big island of Hawaii
  87. ^ Salt-Free Solar: CSP Tower Using Air, su renewableenergyworld.com. URL consultato il 1º dicembre 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 12 gennaio 2014).
  88. ^ Saguaro Solar Trough Archiviato il 23 dicembre 2010 in Internet Archive. (dead link)
  89. ^ CSP World: China's first megawatt-size power tower is complete and operational, su csp-world.com. URL consultato il 1º dicembre 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 3 aprile 2016).
  90. ^ NREL: Augustin Fresnel 1
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  92. ^ Israel to hold tender for solar energy plants, su uk.reuters.com. URL consultato il 2 maggio 2019 (archiviato dall'url originale il 3 gennaio 2011).
  93. ^ Ministry of Energy and Water Resources: Electricity Generation
  94. ^ BrightSource takes solar thermal energy home to Israel
  95. ^ Copia archiviata, su cspworld.org. URL consultato il 1º dicembre 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 19 febbraio 2016).
  96. ^ New solar plants in sunny Northern Cape, su southafrica.info, South Africa.info, 9 gennaio 2015. URL consultato il 15 gennaio 2015 (archiviato dall'url originale il 15 gennaio 2015).
  97. ^ Redstone Solar Thermal Power Plant, su nrel.gov. URL consultato il 6 aprile 2015.
  98. ^ Reliably Powering South Africa with Clean Solar Energy – Day and Night. (PDF), su origin-qps.onstreammedia.com, SOLARRESERVE. URL consultato il 14 aprile 2015.
  99. ^ NERSA XiNa Solar One license application – public hearing Kimberley, 18 February 2014 (PDF), su nersa.org.za. URL consultato il 6 aprile 2015 (archiviato dall'url originale l'11 aprile 2015).
  100. ^ Terence Creamer, 100 MW Kathu CSP plant to be operational in 2018, su Engineering News. URL consultato l'11 maggio 2016.
  101. ^ New solar plants in sunny Northern Cape, su southafrica.info. URL consultato l'11 maggio 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 15 gennaio 2015).
  102. ^ Kathu Solar Power Park - Nersa (PDF), su nersa.org.za (archiviato dall'url originale il 6 agosto 2016).
  103. ^ The R12bn Kathu solar project: Good-bye diesel. Hello molten salt., su fin24.com. URL consultato il 17 agosto 2016.
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  105. ^ Project Ilanga Solar Thermal Power Plant , Northern Cape Province Basic Assessment Phase Report: Canals and Detention Ponds (PDF), su savannahsa.com. URL consultato il 6 aprile 2015 (archiviato dall'url originale il 13 aprile 2015).
  106. ^ Boragis: El Reboso II Archiviato il 20 dicembre 2009 in Internet Archive.
  107. ^ Boragis: El Reboso III[collegamento interrotto]
  108. ^ NREL: Dhursar
  109. ^ Power Today: R-Power posts Q3 net profit RS 266 crore, su powertoday.in. URL consultato il 1º dicembre 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 6 marzo 2016).
  110. ^ NREL: Diwakar
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  112. ^ Project 6835 : Inner Mongolia Erdos 50MWp Groove Type Solar Thermal Project
  113. ^ NREL: Megha Solar Plant, su nrel.gov. URL consultato il 1º dicembre 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 28 aprile 2015).
  114. ^ Copia archiviata, su spaceman.com.cn. URL consultato il 27 agosto 2015 (archiviato dall'url originale il 16 maggio 2016).
  115. ^ China's first solar chimney plant starts operating in desert, su gov.cn. URL consultato il 1º dicembre 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 6 gennaio 2012).
  116. ^ NREL: Gujarat Solar One
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  120. ^ Copia archiviata, su kvoa.com. URL consultato il 30 settembre 2014 (archiviato dall'url originale il 6 ottobre 2014).
  121. ^ NREL: Airlight Energy Ait Baha Plant
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  123. ^ NREL: Tooele Army Depot
  124. ^ Production d'Electricité par turbine à GAz et énergie SolairE
  125. ^ 光热发电：新能源产业创新转型捷径, su e-cubetech.com. URL consultato il 1º dicembre 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 19 ottobre 2016).
  126. ^ Todd Woody, Pasadena's ESolar lands 2,000-megawatt deal in China, in Los Angeles Times, 9 gennaio 2010.
  127. ^ Update 1- Morocco to invite bids for solar station in Feb, in Reuters, 6 gennaio 2010.
  128. ^ Solarreserve Obtiene Aprobación Ambiental para Construir una Central de Concentración Solar de 260 MW
  129. ^ PV-Tech: Kuwait’s first solar park to be built for US$3.27 billion
  130. ^ Project 4444 : Shneur Solar Thermal Grid-Connected Power Plant in Ze'elim
  131. ^ a b c Solúcar Platform
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  133. ^ Iran's biggest solar power plant Archiviato il 16 maggio 2016 nel Portuguese Web Archive.
  134. ^ Two Sigma and Hezzi Kogler plan to build solar thermal power station with a budget worth 300 Million NIS
  135. ^ EGP realizza in Italia la prima centrale solare termodinamica Archiviato il 10 maggio 2015 in Internet Archive.
  136. ^ Demonstration of innovating parabolic solar trough using an alternative heat transfer fluid producing electricity and fresh water: ARChimede Hot Energy TYPology Enhanced Water Solar 550
  137. ^ Abengoa Projects in Castilla la Mancha
  138. ^ Realizará CFE proyecto de campo solar Archiviato il 9 settembre 2011 in Internet Archive.
  139. ^ Abengoa to build Mexico’s first hybrid solar-gas plant
  140. ^ Solar Power Group: First commercial Solar-thermal power plant in Spain, su ea-nrw.de. URL consultato il 2 dicembre 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 18 luglio 2011).
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  142. ^ Former Stirling power plant in Peoria to be sold, disassembled
  143. ^ Top bid on plant is $250K

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