Ichirō Hatoyama

Ichirō Hatoyama

Primo ministro del Giappone
Durata mandato10 dicembre 1954 –
23 dicembre 1956
MonarcaShōwa
PredecessoreShigeru Yoshida
SuccessoreTanzan Ishibashi

Ministro dell'istruzione del Giappone
Durata mandato13 dicembre 1931 –
3 marzo 1934
Capo del governoInukai Tsuyoshi
Saitō Makoto
PredecessoreRyūzō Tanaka
SuccessoreGenji Matsuda
Saitō Makoto
(ad interim)

Presidente del Partito Liberal Democratico
Durata mandato5 aprile 1956 –
14 dicembre 1956
Predecessorecarica istituita
SuccessoreTanzan Ishibashi

Dati generali
Partito politicoRikken Seiyūkai
(1915-1940)

Partito Liberale del Giappone
(1945-1948)

Partito Democratico Liberale
(1948-1950)

Partito Liberale
(1950-1953; 1953)

Partito Liberale - Hatoyama
(1953)

Partito Democratico del Giappone
(1954-1955)

Partito Liberal Democratico
(1955-1959)
UniversitàUniversità imperiale di Tokyo
FirmaFirma di Ichirō Hatoyama

Ichirō Hatoyama (鳩山 一郎?, Hatoyama Ichirō; Tokyo, 1º gennaio 1883Bunkyō, 7 marzo 1959) è stato un politico giapponese. Cristiano di fede battista, ricoprì l'incarico di primo ministro del Giappone dal 10 dicembre 1954 al 23 dicembre 1956.

Biografia

Vita privata

Ichirō Hatoyama fu, come indica il nome, il primogenito dei suoi genitori. Egli nacque in una famiglia ricca e cosmopolita[1] di Tokyo.

Suo padre Hatoyama Kazuo (1856–1911) era diplomato a Yale (e Speaker alla Camera dei Rappresentanti del Giappone), mentre sua madre Hatoyama Haruko (1863–1938) era una famosa autrice e fondatrice della Università femminile Kyōritsu.[2]

La carriera politica

Ichirō venne eletto alla Camera dei rappresentanti come membro del Rikken Seiyūkai nel 1915. Egli era sul punto per divenire primo ministro subito nel 1946, ma venne bandito dalla politica per i successivi cinque anni dal Supremo Comando delle Potenze Alleate per la sua cooperazione col governo autoritario tra gli anni trenta e quaranta.[3] Gli venne permesso di ritornare in politica nel 1951.

Egli fu il terzo primo ministro del Giappone dopo la fine della Seconda guerra mondiale.[4]

Come primo ministro, nel 1955 ricostruì i legami diplomatici con l'Unione Sovietica,[5][6] e si dimostrò clemente nei confronti di molti criminali di guerra preferendo per loro il carcere a vita rispetto all'esecuzione nel Processo di Tokyo.[7]

Fu iniziato in Massoneria il 29 marzo 1951 nella Tokyo Lodge n. 2 e divenne Maestro massone il 26 marzo 1955[8].

Discendenza

Iichirō Hatoyama, unico figlio di Ichirō, fece anch'egli carriera al bureau del budget statale al Ministero delle finanze e si ritirò poi dalla politica dopo aver raggiunto il grado di vice ministro.[9]

Uno dei nipoti di Ichirō, Yukio Hatoyama, è divenuto primo ministro del Giappone nel 2009 come membro del Partito Democratico del Giappone.

Onorificenze

Note

  1. ^ Sul suo apprezzamento per le posizioni espresse da Richard Nikolaus di Coudenhove-Kalergi, v. Dickie Mure, Turning brotherly love into policy, Financial Times (London, England), Green New Deal. Monday, September 21, 2009, Issue 37,111, p.4.
  2. ^ Hatoyama Ichiro (prime minister of Japan), su britannica.com, Britannica, 7 marzo 1959. URL consultato il 29 agosto 2009.
  3. ^ Crane, Burton. "Hatoyama Barred by MacArthur Order; Directive Forbidding Him to Take Diet Seat Rules Him Out as Japan's Premier", The New York Times. 4 May 1946; Crane, Burton. "Hatoyama Voices Surprise at Order; Challenges Ground Upon Which He Is Barred From Holding Office in Japan", The New York Times. 5 May 1946.
  4. ^ Land of the Reluctant Sparrows, TIME, 14 marzo 1955. URL consultato il 29 agosto 2009 (archiviato dall'url originale il 3 novembre 2012).; "Tokyo Storm Center; Ichiro Hatoyama Likes Hymn-Singing", The New York Times. 18 October 1956.
  5. ^ Jorden, William J. "Hatoyama Takes Plea to Bulganin; Return of Some Isles Urged at Moscow Peace Parley --Treaty Reported Near Goodwill Aspect Stressed", The New York Times. 18 October 1956.
  6. ^ Konosuke Odaka, The Evolution of Social Policy in Japan (PDF), su siteresources.worldbank.org, World Bank, 2002. URL consultato il 13 gennaio 2013.
  7. ^ Trumbull, Robert. "Japan Urges U.S. Free War Guilty; Continued Appeals Are Based Largely on Dire Straits of Prisoners' Families", The New York Times. 21 June 1955.
  8. ^ Tim Wangelin, "Freemasonry and Modern Japanese History"., su www2.gol.com. URL consultato il 20 luglio 2018 (archiviato dall'url originale il 5 novembre 2020).
  9. ^ (EN) Iichiro Hatoyama; Ex-Foreign Minister, 75, su nytimes.com, The New York Times, 20 dicembre 1993. URL consultato il 13 marzo 2020 (archiviato il 18 gennaio 2018).

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Predecessore Primo ministro del Giappone Successore
Shigeru Yoshida 1954 - 1956 Tanzan Ishibashi
Controllo di autoritàVIAF (EN45858519 · ISNI (EN0000 0000 8450 875X · LCCN (ENn88164516 · NDL (ENJA00008969

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