Gioco dell'Elmora

Il Gioco dell'Elmora (Elmora in italiano medioevale era il plurale di elmo[1], quindi 'Gioco degli Elmi') detto anche Gioco dei cestarelli, era un intrattenimento in uso nel XIII secolo nella città di Siena.

In origine il popolo senese era escluso da corse e tornei, ma poteva partecipare a particolari giochi, chiamati "battaglie per finta". Tra esse il più famoso era il Gioco dell'Elmora, che si svolgeva in Piazza del Campo ma a cui partecipavano non le contrade, bensì le compagnie militari di esse inquadrate nei rispettivi Terzi di Siena.

Il gioco consisteva in una battaglia, più o meno simulata, in cui gli uomini del Terzo di Città affrontavano quelli del Terzo di San Martino e di Camollia uniti. La battaglia veniva combattuta con spade e lance di legno, da giocatori che indossavano elmi e scudi di vimini intrecciati (da qui il nome "cestarelli").

I Giochi dell'Elmora si disputarono per tutto il XIII secolo ma di frequente sfociavano in manifestazioni esageratamente violente, che spesso provocavano feriti gravi e perfino morti. Infatti nel 1291, dopo un'Elmora più violenta del solito, furono definitivamente abolite dal Governo della Repubblica.

Note

  1. ^ Dizionario universale critico enciclopedico della lingua italiana dell'abate d'Alberti di Villanuova riveduto e corretto, tomo secondo - edit. Cairo 1825

Bibliografia

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