Gazpacho

Gazpacho
Origini
Luogo d'origineSpagna (bandiera) Spagna
RegioneAndalusia
DiffusionePenisola iberica
Dettagli
Categoriaprimo piatto
Ingredienti principali
  • pomodori
  • peperoni
  • cetrioli
  • cipolla
  • pane raffermo
  • olio
  • aceto
Gazpacho
Ingredienti del gazpacho

Nella cucina spagnola, il gazpacho è una zuppa fredda a base di verdure crude, molto apprezzata d'estate in regioni come l'Andalusia. Gli ingredienti principali sono tradizionalmente peperoni, pomodori, cetrioli, cipolla e aglio, arricchiti con erbe aromatiche.[1][2][3]

Il piatto si mangia freddo e viene anche usato come aperitivo servito in un bicchiere, come energetico.[1]

Origine ed etimologia

Secondo un'ipotesi, il termine deriva dal portoghese caspacho, a sua volta proveniente dalla voce pre-romana caspa, derivante dalla lingua mozarabica (il suffisso -acho è in effetti mozarabico) col significato di "frammento", alludendo alla presenza di pezzi di pane.[4][5] Esistono altre teorie meno accreditate, per esempio: in accadico il verbo kasâpu (frantumare) significa rompere in pezzi da distribuire.[6] Secondo un'altra ipotesi, invece, la parola deriverebbe dall'aggettivo latino caccabaceus, che significa "relativo al calderone" (caccabus) e veniva applicato a un tipo di pane simile a quello che ancora oggi si usa per preparare il gazpacho manchego.[7]

Il gazpacho può derivare dalla bevanda ellenica kykeon (chiamata posca dai Romani): una bevanda a base di acqua e vino. Con l'invasione araba della penisola iberica nell'VIII secolo, al gazpacho ellenico furono aggiunti sale e olio d'oliva. I primi gazpachos conosciuti avevano solo pane, aceto, olio, spesso aglio e talvolta noci macinate o mandorle.[8]

La ricetta del gazpacho odierno con pomodoro e peperoni è relativamente recente, non antecedente al XIX secolo, dato che sono piante originarie del Nuovo Mondo e la loro coltivazione massiva a scopo alimentare in Europa è successiva al XVI secolo.[9]

Note

  1. ^ a b Ricetta Gazpacho andaluso, su Le Ricette di GialloZafferano.it. URL consultato il 6 novembre 2015.
  2. ^ Gazpacho: la ricetta originale e altre 10 varianti, su greenme.it. URL consultato il 6 novembre 2015.
  3. ^ Gazpacho ricco, su Sale&Pepe. URL consultato il 6 novembre 2015.
  4. ^ (ES) Coromines, Joan, Breve diccionario etimológico de la lengua castellana, 4ª edizione, Madrid, Gredos editoriali, 2008, ISBN 978-84-249-3555-9.
  5. ^ (ES) Francisco Delgado León, (2006), Aceite de Oliva, Historia, Religión, Gastronomía, Córdoba, p. 78.
  6. ^ (ES) Jean Bottéro, La cocina más antigua del mundo, Ediz. M.J., Barcellona, 2005, p. 218.
  7. ^ Etimología de gazpacho (caccabaceus). 2023-12-12.
  8. ^ (ES) Juan Eslava Galán, Roma de los Césares, Barcellona, 1990, Ed. Planeta, p. 143.
  9. ^ (ES) José Briz, Breviario del Gazpacho y de los gazpachos, Los breviarios del Árbol, nº 4, 1989.

Bibliografia

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  Portale Cucina

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