Debuccalizzazione

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La debuccalizzazione è un mutamento fonetico in cui una consonante perde il suo luogo di articolazione originario diventando [h] o [ʔ][1].

La debuccalizzazione è la seconda fase nel tipo di "apertura" di lenizione, una mutazione consonantica che coinvolge la debolezza di una consonante tramite gli spostamenti progressivi nella pronuncia.

Inglese di Cockney

Nell'inglese di Cockney, il morfema /t/ viene ad essere sostituito da [ʔ] tra vocali, liquide e nasali (in particolare nella parola bottle), in un processo chiamato "glottalizzazione della 't".

Inglese scozzese

In alcune varietà dell'inglese scozzese, il morfema /θ/ th viene a spostarsi in [h], in un processo chiamato "debuccalizzazione del th".

Proto-greco

Nel proto-greco, il morfema /s/ viene a spostarsi inizialmente in [h] e tra sonoranti (vocali, consonante liquida e nasali).

La /h/ intervocalica veniva a perdersi già al tempo del greco antico e le vocali in iato a contrarsi nel dialetto attico.

Davanti a una liquida o a una nasale, l'/h/ veniva ad essere assimilata alla vocale precedente nell'attico-ionico e nel dorico e alla nasale seguente nell'eolico. Il processo di assimilazione vocalica viene chiamato allungamento compensatorio.

  • PIE *h₁ésmi → proto-greco *ehmi → attico-ionico ēmí — eolico émmi "io sono"

Spagnolo

Voce principale: dialetti spagnoli.

Un certo numero di dialetti spagnoli debuccalizza la /s/ alla fine di una sillaba in [h].

Gaelico

Nello scozzese e gaelico irlandese, s, t, f mutavano tramite lenizione in [h], scritta sh, th e fh. Successivamente il suono rappresentato da fh venne a perdersi per intero.

Note

  1. ^ "La debuccalizzazione consiste nell'articolare un'occlusiva con la glottide, invece che occludendo totalmente o parzialmente il cavo orale con la lingua o le labbra. In genere la debuccalizzazione consiste quindi in una semplificazione radicale (detta anche potatura) dell'occlusiva orale corrispondente. Il risultato della debuccalizzazione può essere solo il colpo di glottide, o la spirante corrispondente ([h])". ( Bolognesi Roberto, Una normalizzazione democratica della lingua sarda. Norme per la convivenza pacifica delle varietà del sardo (PDF)[collegamento interrotto], Cagliari, Condaghes, 2002, p. 42. URL consultato il 03-02-2011.)

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