Cratippo di Atene

Cratippo (in greco antico: Κράτιππος?, Kràtippos, in latino Cratippus; Atene, fine V secolo a.C. – IV secolo a.C.) è stato uno storico ateniese.

Biografia

L'unica testimonianza che ci offre appigli cronologici e documentari per Cratippo è un passo dei Moralia di Plutarco[1] in cui egli è citato, appunto, come ateniese e storico, sicuramente posteriore a Tucidide.

Opere

Cratippo è conosciuto principalmente per le sue Elleniche (storia greca), una continuazione della Guerra del Peloponneso di Tucidide che arrivava probabilmente fino alla battaglia di Cnido (394 a.C.) o fino alla pace di Antalcida (386 a.C.) e della quale non si è conservato nulla[2]. Sempre Plutarco ci informa sul contenuto dell'opera:

«Togli le imprese giovanili di Alcibiade nell'Ellesponto e e quelle di Trasillo a Lesbo, il colpo di Stato oligarchico di Teramene e la restaurazione di Trasibulo e Archino, i Cinquecento instaurati dagli Spartani e Conone che restituisce il mare ad Atene e toglierai Cratippo»

(Plutarco, De Gloria Atheniensium, 345de - trad. A. D'Andria)

Dal brano plutarcheo si desume, appunto, che Cratippo, come Teopompo e Senofonte, continuò la storia tucididea partendo dal 410, dove il predecessore si era interrotto, fino alla battaglia di Cnido. In realtà, alcuni studiosi considerano le Elleniche di Ossirinco frammenti di quest'opera[3]. Secondo Luciano Canfora, riprendendo l'ipotesi di Ernst von Leutsch, Cratippo potrebbe essere lo pseudonimo con cui Senofonte pubblicò i primi quattro libri delle sue Elleniche[4].

Note

  1. ^ De Gloria Atheniensium, 345de: ἄνελε τὰ περὶ Ἑλλήσποντον Ἀλκιβιάδου νεανιεύματα καὶ τὰ πρὸς Λέσβῳ Θρασύλλου καὶ τὴν ὑπὸ Θηραμένους τῆς ὀλιγαρχίας κατάλυσιν καὶ Θρασύβουλον καὶ Ἀρχῖνον καὶ τοὺς ἀπὸ Φυλῆς ἑβδομήκοντα κατὰ τῆς Σπαρτιατῶν ἡγεμονίας ἀνισταμένους καὶ Κόνωνα πάλιν ἐμβιβάζοντα τὰς Ἀθήνας εἰς τὴν θάλατταν, καὶ Κράτιππος ἀνῄρηται.
  2. ^ FGrHist 64.
  3. ^ Cfr. G. A. Lehmann, Ein Historiker namens Kratippos, in "Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik", n. 23 (1976), pp. 265–288.
  4. ^ L. Canfora, "Tra Cratippo e Teopompo", in L. Canfora La storiografia greca, Milano 1999, 223-62..

Bibliografia

  • V. Bartoletti, Elleniche di Ossirinco, Leipzig, Teubner, 1959 (edizione critica, con bibliografia).
  • G. A. Lehmann, Ein Historiker namens Kratippos, in "Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik", n. 23 (1976), pp. 265–288.

Collegamenti esterni

Controllo di autoritàVIAF (EN) 265076443 · ISNI (EN) 0000 0003 8249 9134 · BAV 495/29702 · CERL cnp00283925 · LCCN (EN) no92023597 · GND (DE) 102385939 · J9U (EN, HE) 987012469375105171 · CONOR.SI (SL) 184655971
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