Conchaspididae

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Conchaspididae
Immagine di Conchaspididae mancante
Classificazione scientifica
DominioEukaryota
RegnoAnimalia
SottoregnoEumetazoa
RamoBilateria
PhylumArthropoda
SubphylumHexapoda
ClasseInsecta
SottoclassePterygota
CoorteExopterygota
SubcoorteNeoptera
SuperordineParaneoptera
SezioneRhynchotoidea
OrdineRhynchota
SottordineHomoptera
SezioneSternorrhyncha
SuperfamigliaCoccoidea
FamigliaConchaspididae
Green
Generi

Conchaspididae Green è una piccola famiglia di insetti appartenente all'ordine dei Rincoti Omotteri, superfamiglia Coccoidea.

Descrizione

I Conchaspididae hanno una stretta affinità morfologica con i Diaspini, da cui differiscono per il minore grado di neotenia delle femmine, per l'assenza di un vero e proprio pigidio e per le caratteristiche strutturali del follicolo.

La femmina ha un corpo appiattito, generalmente biancastro, di piccole dimensioni e di forma ovale, racchiuso all'interno di un follicolo. Le antenne sono brevi ma pluriarticolate, composte da 3-5 segmenti, zampe brevi ma evidenti, con tibia e tarso fusi, occhi assenti e sostituiti da macchie tegumentali. Gli ultimi uriti addominali sono ridotti ma non fusi a formare un vero e proprio pigidio come nei Diaspini.

Il corpo è racchiuso all'interno di uno scudetto protettivo formato da cera compatta (follicolo), simile a quello dei Diaspini, ma a differenza di questi non include i resti delle exuvie degli stadi preimmaginali. Il follicolo è di colore biancastro, presenta spesso un pronunciamento di forma conica, da cui si diramano carene radiali; in alcune specie il pronunciamento è assente ma sono generalmente presenti le carene.

Biologia

I Conchaspididae sono generalmente associati ad alberi e arbusti e, frequentemente, si possono rinvenire anche su orchidee, palme ed euforbie. Lo sviluppo postembrionale si svolge, nelle femmine, in due stadi di neanide, e, nel maschio, in quattro stadi, di cui gli ultimi due sono ninfali.

Distribuzione

La famiglia è rappresentata in tutte le zoogeografiche della Terra, con una netta prevalenza nelle regioni tropicali. Il maggior numero di specie è rappresentato nella regione afrotropicale.

La specie Conchaspis angraeci, cosmopolita, espande il suo areale alle regioni temperate, mentre altre specie possono essere occasionalmente invasive presentandosi su piante ornamentali in ambiente protetto.

Si nutrono di linfa delle piante. Si trovano su rappresentanti delle seguenti famiglie e specie vegetali:[1]

Sistematica

La famiglia comprende 29 specie ripartite fra quattro generi, di cui il più rappresentativo per numero di specie è Conchaspis[2].

Generi

  • Asceloconchaspis Williams, 1992
  • Conchaspis Cockerell, 1893
  • Fagisuga Lindinger, 1909
  • Paraconchaspis Mamet, 1959

Note

  1. ^ Yair Ben-Dov, Douglass R. Miller e Gary A. P. Gibson, A systematic catalogue of eight scale insect families (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of the world : Aclerdidae, Asterolecaniidae, Beesoniidae, Carayonemidae, Conchaspididae, Dactylopiidae, Kerriidae and Lecanodiaspididae, Amsterdam, Elsevier, 2006, ISBN 978-0-444-52836-0, OCLC 76949631.
  2. ^ (EN) Scales in a Family/Genus Query Results, su sel.barc.usda.gov, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture. URL consultato l'8 novembre 2008 (archiviato dall'url originale il 13 settembre 2009).

Bibliografia

  • Ermenegildo Tremblay. Entomologia applicata. Volume II Parte I. 1ª ed. Napoli, Liguori Editore, 1981. ISBN 978-88-207-1025-5.

Collegamenti esterni

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