Compagnie des Chemins de fer de l'Est-Algérien

Compagnie des Chemins de fer de l'Est-Algérien
StatoAlgeria (bandiera) Algeria
Forma societariaSocietà anonima
Fondazione1879
Fondata daHenri Joret
Chiusura1908
SettoreTrasporto
Prodottitrasporto ferroviario merci e passeggeri

La Compagnie des Chemins de fer de l'Est-Algérien[1] (EA), era una società ferroviaria francese creata per la costruzione e l'esercizio di una rete di ferrovie nel Dipartimento di Costantina, in Algeria. La compagnia costruì sia linee a scartamento normale (1435 mm) che a scartamento ridotto (1055 mm).

Mappa del dipartimento di Costantina

Storia

La prima linea costruita dalla compagnia, nel 1879 fu la Costantina - Sétif, di interesse generale e la Maison Carrée - Alma - Ménerville di interesse locale[2]. Il 30 giugno 1880 in seguito ad una convenzione siglata con il governatore Grévy ottenne l'autorizzazione a costruire la Sétif - Ménerville, di 254 km, la El-Guerrah - Batna di 80 km (a scartamento ridotto) e ulteriori tratte da definire[2]. Per raggiungere Algeri, da Maison Carrée, i treni della "Est" utilizzarono una sezione della linea PLMA Algeri-Orano concedendo in cambio a quella compagnia il diritto d'uso della stazione di Costantina[2].

In base a una legge del 2 agosto 1880 la compagnia dell'Est ottenne anche la concessione, approvata il 23 agosto 1883, per la Ménerville - Tizi Ouzou di 54 km, aperta tra 1886 e 1888[3].

Ottenne poi la concessione per tre linee diramate:

  • la Batna - Biskra di 121 km (convenzione del 3 giugno 1883; aperta il 1º luglio 1888);
  • la Beni Mansour - Bougie di 88 km (convenzione del 9 giugno 1883; aperta il 24 marzo 1889) e,
  • la Ouled Rahmoune - Aïn Beïda[1] a scartamento ridotto, di 92 km, aperta l'11 luglio 1889[3].

Una convenzione con il Dipartimento di Costantina siglata il 12 ottobre 1895 e rimaneggiata nel 1899, portò alla costruzione della ferrovia di interesse locale Aïn Beïda - Khenchela di 54 km, a scartamento ridotto; questa venne inaugurata il 10 giugno 1905[3].

La rete della compagnia venne riscattata dallo Stato il 25 agosto del 1907. La presa effettiva in carico alla Compagnie des chemins de fer algériens de l'État avvenne con la legge 12 maggio 1908[3].

L'ultima ferrovia a scartamento ridotto, Biskra - Touggourt, di 217 km, la cui costruzione era stata intrapresa fu completata dalla Compagnie de l'État e aperta il 2 maggio 1914.

Materiale rotabile

La maggior parte delle locomotive a vapore della compagnia furono fornite dalla Société Alsacienne de Constructions Mécaniques (SACM).

(sono comprese anche quelle consegnate dopo il riscatto del 1907 ma ordinate dalla compagnia).
Locomotiva n. 127 in sosta nella stazione di Rouiba, sulla linea di Costantina

Locomotive a vapore a scartamento normale (1435 mm)

gruppo rodiggio anni costruzione fabbrica stabilimento note
01 a 07 030 1880-1886 Cail Denain
08-17, 101 030 1880, 1886, SACM Mulhouse
21-23 130 1901 Burnham, Williams & Co USA [4]
102-112, 122-127 030 1881-1886 SACM Mulhouse
113-118 030 1881 Fives Lilla
128-135 030 1887-1891 SACM Belfort
201-203, 211-220 230 1904-1907 Fives Lilla [5]
221-242 230 1911 SACM Belfort
243-267 230 1913 Fives Lilla
511-513 030t 1891 SACM Belfort

Locomotive a vapore a scartamento ridotto (1055 mm)

gruppo rodiggio anni costruz. fabbrica stabilimento note
01-04 031t 1887 SACM Mulhouse [6]
05-08, 11-13, 14, 25-30 031t 1894, 1904, 1913, 1914 SACM Belfort
B1-B4, B7-B12 230 1903, 1906 SACM Belfort [7]
301-303 220t 1895 SACM
501-510 230 1914 SACM Belfort
601-608 030-030t Mallet 1909 SACM Belfort [8]

Note

Bibliografia

  • Maurice Antoine Bernard, Les chemins de fer algériens, Algeri, Adolphe Jourdan, 1913.

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