Cintura dello Zambesi

La cintura dello Zambesi è una vasta area di deformazioni orogenetiche situata nello Zambia meridionale e nella parte settentrionale dello Zimbabwe.

La cintura è un segmento della più estesa cintura geologica che si trova tra il cratone del Congo e il cratone del Kalahari, e che comprende anche l'arco Lufiliano e la cintura del Damara. Il margine orientale della cintura interagisce in direzione nord-sud con l'orogenesi est africana.[1]

La cintura dello Zambesi mostra evidenze di due importanti eventi tettonotermici, il primo avvenuto 890-880 Ma (milioni di anni fa), il secondo tra 550 e 520 Ma. Entrambi questi eventi modificarono i precedenti componenti dell'Archeano e del Mesoproterozoico, con piccole addizioni di materiale più giovane.[1] Il secondo evento fu causato dalla collisione dei cratoni del Congo e del Kalahari durante la formazione del supercontinente Gondwana, alla fine del Neoproterozoico.[2]

La cintura include gli scisti bianchi del Kadunguri, che si sono formati per alterazione ad alta pressione di anfiboliti oceaniche o di arco insulare durante l'orogenesi Pan-Africana.[1]

La cesura di Mwembeshi forma il confine settentrionale della cintura dello Zambesi, separandola dall'arco Lufiliano.[3] Anche la zona di taglio risale all'orogenesi Pan-Africana, che ha permesso un cambiamento nella vergenza, o direzione delle pieghe, tra la cintura dello Zambesi e l'arco Lufiliano.[4]

Note

  1. ^ a b c S. P. Johnson e G. J. H. Oliver, High fO2 Metasomatism During Whiteschist Metamorphism, Zambezi Belt, Northern Zimbabwe, in Journal of Petrology, vol. 43, n. 2, 2002, pp. 271–290, DOI:10.1093/petrology/43.2.271. URL consultato il 13 giugno 2012.
  2. ^ Ulysses S. Hargrove, Richard E. Hanson, Mark W. Martin, Thomas G. Blenkinsop, Samuel A. Bowring, Nicholas Walker e Hubert Munyanyiwa, Tectonic evolution of the Zambezi orogenic belt: geochronological, structural, and petrological constraints from northern Zimbabwe., in Precambrian Research, vol. 123, 2–4, 2003, pp. 159–186, DOI:10.1016/s0301-9268(03)00066-4. URL consultato il 13 giugno 2012.
  3. ^ Mumbwa Geology, su blackthornresources.com.au, Blackthorn Resources. URL consultato il 6 giugno 2012 (archiviato dall'url originale l'11 aprile 2013).
  4. ^ Masaru Yoshida, Brian F. Windley e Somnath Dasgupta, Proterozoic East Gondwana: Supercontinent Assembly and Breakup, Geological Society, 2003, p. 418, ISBN 978-1-86239-125-3.

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