Centrale termoelettrica di Trbovlje

La centrale termoelettrica di Trbovlje con l'alta ciminiera che supera le montagne della valle.

La centrale termoelettrica di Trbovlje (in sloveno: Termoelektrarne Trbovlje-TET)[1] è un impianto industriale volto alla produzione di energia elettrica, situato a Trbovlje, in Slovenia, lungo il fiume Sava. Costruita in due anni, dal 1964 al 1966, è una delle tre centrali a carbone del Paese[2] ed è principalmente famosa per l'altezza della ciminiera, che con i suoi 360 metri detenne il record per la costruzione più alta d'Europa fino al completamento del Federation Tower di Mosca.[1]

Contesto

Un'immagine della ciminiera.

La centrale elettrica, che è gestita dalla Termoelektrarna Trbovlje d.o.o., sfrutta il vapore generato dalla combustione della lignite, di cui è estremamente ricco il territorio circostante; tuttavia è alimentata, come combustibile secondario, anche da gas naturale. A tal proposito, essa è composta da due stabilimenti diversificati proprio per tipologia di carburante: quello principale, a lignite, da 125 MW e quello secondario, a gas naturale, da 63 MW.[3] La centrale produce il 6% del fabbisogno totale della Slovenia,[4] configurandosi come l'impianto sloveno più efficiente per la produzione di energia da lignite, in questo avvantaggiato sia dall'ubicazione, per la vicinanza di una miniera[5], sia da un processo di gestione della materia prima ben organizzato per gli standard locali.[6]

La ciminiera

Inizialmente la centrale aveva una ciminiera di 80 metri; quella attuale, invece, è quattro volte e mezzo più alta: 360 metri. La sua realizzazione ha richiesto 210 giorni di lavoro, 11.866 metri cubi di calcestruzzo, 1.079 tonnellate d'acciaio e 960 tonnellate di materiale isolante.[1] Alla base, il camino ha un diametro di 27,5 metri.[3] I lavori, ultimati nel 1976[7], hanno comportato una spesa di oltre 100 milioni di dinari jugoslavi.[3] L'opera è stata definita necessaria per via della conformazione del territorio, una valle, tendente a non disperdere l'inquinamento atmosferico generato. È stato scelto, pertanto, di far raggiungere alla bocca della ciminiera un'altezza tale da non creare problemi d'inquinamento a livello locale.[3]

Note

  1. ^ a b c (SL) Trboveljski dimnik je najvišji betonski objekt v Evropi - il camino di Trbovlje è l'edificio più alto d'Europa, su dnevnik.si. URL consultato il 14 gennaio 2014.
  2. ^ (EN) Centrali a carbone in Slovenia, su industcards.com. URL consultato il 14 gennaio 2014 (archiviato dall'url originale il 15 gennaio 2014).
  3. ^ a b c d (SL) ibe.si informazioni storiche sulla centrale, su ibe.si.
  4. ^ (SL) sito ufficiale della TET, su tet.si. URL consultato il 14 gennaio 2014 (archiviato dall'url originale il 15 gennaio 2014).
  5. ^ (IT) (PDF) enea.it ricerca di sistema elettrico (PDF), su enea.it. URL consultato il 14 gennaio 2014 (archiviato dall'url originale il 15 gennaio 2014).
  6. ^ (IT) eur-lex.europa.eu. URL consultato il 14 gennaio 2014.
  7. ^ (EN) Trbovlje Chimney, su structurae.net. URL consultato il 14 gennaio 2014.

Bibliografia

  • Piero Bassetti, Le Alpi e l'Europa: economia e transiti, Bari, Laterza, 1974.
  • Giorgio Roletto, La Jugoslavia economica: aspetti, evoluzioni, tendenze, Milano, Giuffrè, 1956.

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

  • Sito ufficiale, su tet.si. URL consultato il 14 gennaio 2014 (archiviato dall'url originale il 15 gennaio 2014).
  Portale Energia

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