Battaglia di Muret

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Battaglia di Muret
parte della crociata albigese
Miniatura che raffigura la battaglia, ripresa da Grandes Chroniques de France.
Data12 settembre 1213
LuogoMuret
EsitoVittoria franco-crociata
Schieramenti
Comandanti
Effettivi
900 cavalieri
700 fanti		2.200 cavalieri
10.000 - 40.000 fanti[1][2][3]
Perdite
8 cavalieri uccisi[4]Pesanti, forse addirittura 10.000 uomini[5]
Voci di battaglie presenti su Wikipedia
Manuale

La battaglia di Muret è stata la battaglia decisiva della cosiddetta crociata albigese. Si è svolta il 12 settembre 1213 presso Muret, località occitana ad una dozzina di chilometri da Tolosa.

La battaglia

Lo scontro vide prevalere l'armata crociata di Filippo II di Francia guidata da Simone IV di Montfort sulle forze della Corona d'Aragona guidate da Pietro II d'Aragona ed i suoi alleati (tra i quali Raimondo VI di Tolosa, Raimondo Ruggero di Foix e Bernardo V di Cominges), nonostante la forte sproporzione fra le forze tra le due fazioni.

Simone di Montfort, assediato dall'esercito tolosano-aragonese nel piccolo castello di Muret decise di tentare il tutto per tutto per rompere l'accerchiamento che lo avrebbe costretto ad arrendersi; si scontrò con 800 uomini contro le ben più numerose forze di Pietro II ( almeno 1.500 uomini) sulla Garonna, dopo essere uscito dalla roccaforte assediata: Pietro II fu sconfitto e perse la vita.[6]

La battaglia di Muret segna l'inesorabile tramonto dell'eresia catara, il definitivo arresto dell'espansionismo aragonese in Occitania e il primo importante passo per la futura incorporazione della Contea di Tolosa, della Linguadoca e di altre regioni limitrofe al Regno di Francia (seconda metà del XIII secolo).

Note

  1. ^ Le cifre non sono del tutto chiare.
  2. ^ (FR) La Bataille de Muret, su mairie-muret.fr, Sito ufficiale della città di Muret. URL consultato il 20 novembre 2008 (archiviato dall'url originale il 18 novembre 2008).
  3. ^ (EN, FR) Muret 1213, su perso.modulonet.fr, earlyBlazon.com. URL consultato il 20 novembre 2008 (archiviato dall'url originale il 13 febbraio 2008).
  4. ^ Paladilhe, Simon de Montfort et le drame cathare, pag. 227.
  5. ^ Pedro de Vaux-de-Cernay, in Historia Albigesis, indica tra le 15.000 e le 20.000 perdite, cifra probabilmente esagerata.
  6. ^ Battaglia di Muret, su tuttostoria.net. URL consultato il 20 novembre 2008 (archiviato dall'url originale il 5 dicembre 2010).

Bibliografia

  • (ES) Martín Alvira-Cabrer, El Jueves de Muret. 12 de Septiembre de 1213, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, 2002. ISBN 84-477-0796-2
  • (ES) Martín Alvira-Cabrer, Muret 1213. La batalla decisiva de la Cruzada contra los Cátaros, Ariel, Barcelona, 2008. ISBN 978-84-344-5255-8
  • Anne Brenon, Les cathares, Ed. J. Grandcher, Parigi, 1996, ISBN 2-07-053403-0
  • Marcel Auguste Dieulafoy, La bataille de Muret, Parigi, 1899
  • Paul Labal, Los Cátaros, herejía y crisis social, Barcelona, Editorial Crítica, 1988, ISBN 84-7423-234-1
  • Dominique Paladilhe, Simon de Montfort et le drame cathare, Parigi, Ed. Perrin, 1998, ISBN 2-262-01291-1

Voci correlate

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Controllo di autoritàLCCN (EN) sh85088621 · BNE (ES) XX550459 (data) · BNF (FR) cb131665286 (data) · J9U (EN, HE) 987007553370105171
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