Bara Imambara

Barā Imāmbarā
La facciata del Barā Imāmbarā
StatoIndia (bandiera) India
Stato federatoUttar Pradesh
LocalitàLucknow
Coordinate26°52′08.77″N 80°54′46.39″E
ReligioneIslam
FondatoreAsaf-ud-Daula
ArchitettoKifayatullah
Stile architettonicomoghul
Inizio costruzione1784
Completamento1791
Modifica dati su Wikidata · Manuale

Il complesso del Barā Imāmbarā (in urdu بڑا امامباڑا ‎?, hindi: बड़ा इमामबाड़ा) è una husayniyya situata a Lucknow in India, costruita dal nawwāb di Awadh, Asaf-ud-Daula nel 1784[1]. Viene anche chiamata Imāmbarā Asafī dal nome del Nawwāb. Barā significa grande e l'imāmbarā è un santuario sciita per le celebrazioni che hanno luogo nel mese lunare islamico di Muharram, in memoria dell'Imam al-Husayn ibn 'Ali, nipote del Profeta. Il Barā Imāmbarā è tra gli edifici più grandi di Lucknow.

Storia

La costruzione ebbe inizio nel 1784, anno di cui una violenta carestia ridusse la popolazione alla fame; uno degli obiettivi di Asaf-ud-Daula fu quello di fornire impiego alle persone colpite dalla carestia[1]. Si narra che circa 20 000 persone furono coinvolte nella costruzione: la popolazione costruiva l'edificio durante il giorno, mentre i nobili lo distruggevano nottetempo, per prolungarne i tempi di costruzione[2].

La costruzione venne completata nel 1791. Si stima che il costo fu tra il mezzo milione e il milione di rupie. Anche dopo il completamento il Nawwāb spese annualmente tra le 400 000 e le 500 000 rupie per mantenere e abbellire le decorazioni.

Struttura

La moschea di Asafi, situata vicino all'Imambara.

Il complesso include anche la moschea di Asafi, il bhul-bhulaiya (il labirinto), e bowli, una piscina a gradini con acqua corrente. Due entrate conducono alla stanza principale.

Architettura

La tomba di Asaf-ud-Daula dentro Bara Imambara, ca. 1814-15.
Vista dell'interno.
Rumi Darwaza, il portale che conduce all'Imambara, 1860 circa.

L'architettura del complesso riflette la maturazione dell'architettura moghul. È uno degli ultimi esempi di edificio senza influenze europee e senza l'utilizzo del ferro. La parte principale della husayniyya consiste di una grande sala centrale con il soffitto a volta contenente la tomba di Asaf-ud-Daula. Lunga 50 metri e larga 16, è alta oltre 15 metri e non possiede alcuna colonna di sostegno[3].

Otto stanze circondano lo spazio principale; queste possiedono altezze differenti, dando la possibilità al piano superiore di essere costruito come un labirinto tridimensionale chiamato Bhulbhulaya, con passaggi che connettono diversi ambienti attraverso 489 porte identiche.

Considerato un'attrazione piuttosto popolare, il labirinto non fu costruito intenzionalmente, ma fu una conseguenza della necessità di sopportare il peso della struttura, costruita su terreno paludoso. Asaf-ud-Daula eresse inoltre la Rūmī Darwāza (Porta dei Romei), alta 18 metri, appena fuori dal complesso. Questo portale, abbellito con sontuose decorazioni, costituiva l'entrata principale della husayniyya[4].

L'architettura dell'Imāmbarā è stata selezionata attraverso una competizione tra varie proposte di diversi architetti. Il vincitore fu Kifayatullah[2], un architetto musulmano di Delhi, il cui corpo fu inumato nella stanza principale dell'Imāmbarā. Il fatto che il committente e l'architetto del complesso siano sepolti assieme costituisce un fatto unico nel suo genere.

Note

  1. ^ a b LaBoda, p. 534.
  2. ^ a b (EN) Into the depths of history, in The hindu. URL consultato il 17 aprile 2017.
  3. ^ (EN) Monuments - Bara Imambara - Culture & Heritage, su archive.india.gov.in. URL consultato il 17 aprile 2017.
  4. ^ Lucknow City, su laxys.com. URL consultato l'8 febbraio 2014 (archiviato dall'url originale il 16 ottobre 2013).

Bibliografia

  • (EN) Sharon La Boda, International Dictionary of Historic Places: Asia and Oceania, ISBN 978-1-884964-04-6.

Voci correlate

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

  Portale Asia

Read other articles:

Dendragama schneideri

Artikel ini sebatang kara, artinya tidak ada artikel lain yang memiliki pranala balik ke halaman ini.Bantulah menambah pranala ke artikel ini dari artikel yang berhubungan atau coba peralatan pencari pranala.Tag ini diberikan pada Februari 2023. Dendragama schneideri TaksonomiKerajaanAnimaliaFilumChordataKelasReptiliaOrdoSquamataFamiliAgamidaeGenusDendragamaSpesiesDendragama schneideri Ahl, 1926 lbs Dendragama schneideri, atau agama pohon Schneider, adalah sebuah spesies kadal dalam keluarga ...

 

Mae Murray

Mae MurrayMurray di Photoplay, 1917LahirMarie Adrienne Koenig(1885-05-10)10 Mei 1885New York City, A.S.Meninggal23 Maret 1965(1965-03-23) (umur 79)Woodland Hills, Los Angeles, California, A.S.MakamValhalla Memorial Park CemeteryPekerjaanAktrispenariproduserTahun aktif1916–1931Suami/istriWilliam M. Schwenker Jr. ​ ​(m. 1908; c. 1910)​ Jay O'Brien ​ ​(m. 1916; c. 1918)​[1] Robert...

 

The Corridor (opera)

Opera by Harrison Birtwistle The CorridorOpera by Harrison BirtwistleThe composer in 2008LibrettistDavid HarsentLanguageEnglishBased onOrpheus and EurydicePremiere12 June 2009 (2009-06-12)Aldeburgh Festival The Corridor is a chamber opera composed by Harrison Birtwistle to an English language libretto by David Harsent. It premiered at the Aldeburgh Festival on 12 June 2009. The title refers to the corridor through which Orpheus and Eurydice passed as he was leading her from the...

Belkommunmash

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Belkommunmash – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (February 2023) (Learn how and when to remove this message) BKM HoldingOJSC “HMC “BKM”Native nameOpen Joint Stock Company «Holding Management Company «Belkommunmash»Company typeJoint-stock com...

 

Irish Canadians

Canadian citizens with full or partial Irish heritage Irish CanadiansFrench: Irlando-CanadiensIrish: Gael-CheanadaighIrish Canadians as percent of population by province/territoryTotal population4,627,000[1]13.4% of the Canadian population (2016)Regions with significant populations Ontario2,095,460 British Columbia675,135 Alberta596,750 Quebec446,215 Nova Scotia201,655 New Brunswick135,835 Newfoundland and Labrador106,225LanguagesEnglish · French · Irish (h...

 

Veliki Lipoglav

Place in Lower Carniola, SloveniaVeliki LipoglavVeliki LipoglavVeliki LipoglavLocation in SloveniaCoordinates: 45°59′57.71″N 14°38′44.15″E / 45.9993639°N 14.6455972°E / 45.9993639; 14.6455972Country SloveniaTraditional regionLower CarniolaStatistical regionCentral SloveniaMunicipalityLjubljanaArea • Total2.2 km2 (0.8 sq mi)Elevation532.2 m (1,746.1 ft)Population (2002) • Total49[1] Veliki Lipogla...

乌克兰总理

 烏克蘭總理Прем'єр-міністр України烏克蘭國徽現任杰尼斯·什米加尔自2020年3月4日任命者烏克蘭總統任期總統任命首任維托爾德·福金设立1991年11月后继职位無网站www.kmu.gov.ua/control/en/（英文） 乌克兰 乌克兰政府与政治系列条目 宪法 政府 总统 弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基 總統辦公室 国家安全与国防事务委员会 总统代表（英语：Representatives of the President of Ukraine） 总...

 

Violetta Zironi

Italian singer-songwriter and actress (born 1995) Violetta ZironiVioletta Zironi in 2014Background informationBirth nameVioletta ZironiBorn (1995-04-05) April 5, 1995 (age 29)Correggio, Emilia-Romagna, Italy[1]GenresFolk, Pop, CountryOccupation(s)Singer-songwriter, actressInstrument(s)Vocals, acoustic guitar, ukuleleYears active2012–presentLabelsSony Music (2013–15)Pon't Danic Music (2017–present)Websitewww.violettazironi.comMusical artist Violetta Zironi (born 5 April 1995...

 

Mantan IPA & IPS Season 2

Mantan IPA & IPS Season 2Genre Drama Roman Remaja SkenarioAviv ElhamSutradaraAmin IshaqPemeran Arbani Yasiz Ratu Sofya Naimma Aljufri Fadi Alaydrus Taha Tolu Penggubah lagu temaEross CandraLagu pembukaSahabat Sejati oleh Sheila on 7Lagu penutupSahabat Sejati oleh Sheila on 7Penata musikJoseph S. DjafarNegara asalIndonesiaBahasa asliBahasa IndonesiaJmlh. musim2Jmlh. episode142[a]ProduksiProduser eksekutif Filriadi Kusmara Masagus Fahri Fahrudin Rista Ferina ProduserMuhammad ...

Paula Abdul

American singer (born 1962) Paula AbdulAbdul at GalaxyCon Raleigh in 2023BornPaula Julie Abdul (1962-06-19) June 19, 1962 (age 61)San Fernando, California, U.S.Alma materCalifornia State University, NorthridgeOccupations Singer dancer choreographer actress television personality Years active1978–presentSpouses Emilio Estevez ​ ​(m. 1992; div. 1994)​ Brad Beckerman ​ ​(m. 1996; div. 1998&...

 

VTB Bank

VTB BankKode emitenMCX: VTBRLSE: VTBRIndustriPerbankanDidirikan1990KantorpusatMoskwa, Rusia, RusiaWilayah operasiSeluruh duniaTokohkunciAndrey L. KostinJasaJasa keuanganPendapatanRUB 405.4 milyar(30 Juni 2013 IFRS Results)[1]Laba bersihRUB 27.6 milyar(30 Juni 2013 IFRS Results)[1]Total asetRUB 9.402,3 milyar(31 Maret 2014 IFRS Results)[1]Total ekuitasRUB 952.4 milyar(31 Maret 2014 IFRS Results)[1]Karyawan95.161 [1]Situs webhttp://www.vtb.com VTB Ba...

 

منتخب ماليزيا لكرة القدم

منتخب ماليزيا لكرة القدم (بالملايوية: Pasukan bola sepak kebangsaan Malaysia)‏  معلومات عامة بلد الرياضة  ماليزيا الفئة كرة القدم للرجال  رمز الفيفا MAS  الاتحاد اتحاد ماليزيا لكرة القدم كونفدرالية الاتحاد الآسيوي لكرة القدم الملعب الرئيسي ملعب بوكيت جليل الوطني الموقع الرسمي ال�...

Yehvann Diouf

French footballer Yehvann Diouf Diouf playing for Reims in 2023Personal informationDate of birth (1999-11-16) 16 November 1999 (age 24)Place of birth Montreuil, FranceHeight 1.88 m (6 ft 2 in)Position(s) GoalkeeperTeam informationCurrent team ReimsNumber 94Youth career2005–2010 Champigny2010–2012 Créteil2012–2016 TroyesSenior career*Years Team Apps (Gls)2016–2019 Troyes II 43 (0)2019 Troyes 1 (0)2019– Reims II 24 (0)2020– Reims 67 (0)International career‡20...

 

The Original Wailers

Jamaican reggae group This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: The Original Wailers – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (June 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this message) The Original WailersOriginKingston, JamaicaGenresReggaeYears active2008 – presentLabelsMRG RecordingsSpinoff ofBob...

 

Township (South Africa)

Urban living areas reserved for non-whites in Apartheid South Africa This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.Find sources: Township South Africa – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (July 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this message) The town of Hankey (foreground), with accompanying township (ba...

Temple

Structure reserved for religious or spiritual activities Temples redirects here. For the region of the forehead, see Temple (anatomy). For other uses, see Temple (disambiguation). house of the lord redirects here. Not to be confused with The House of the Lord, House of Lords, or Lord House. The 12th-century Angkor Wat temple complex in Cambodia is the largest religious structure in the world and is dedicated to the Hindu deity Vishnu. Borobudur temple, the largest Buddhist temple in the world...

 

Lucybell

Not to be confused with Lucy Bell. The topic of this article may not meet Wikipedia's notability guideline for music. Please help to demonstrate the notability of the topic by citing reliable secondary sources that are independent of the topic and provide significant coverage of it beyond a mere trivial mention. If notability cannot be shown, the article is likely to be merged, redirected, or deleted.Find sources: Lucybell – news · newspapers · books · schol...

 

Miguel de Molinos

Miguel de Molinos, 1687, buril de Johann Hainzelman, París. Inscripción: «Michel Molinos du Diocése de Saragosse Chef des Quietistes, fit abjuration de 68 propositions hérétiques le 3e. Septembre 1687 dans l'Eglise de Ste. Marie de la Minerve a Rome en presence des Cardinaux, d'un grand nombre de Princes et de grands Seigrs. Ensuitte. jl fût vestu d'un Scapulaire jaune, marqué d'vne Croix rouge deuant et derriere, apres quoy jl fut condamné a vne prison perpetuelle». Biblioteca Naci...

شرق الحد (مدينة)

شرق الحد الإحداثيات 26°14′N 50°40′E / 26.23°N 50.66°E / 26.23; 50.66   تقسيم إداري  البلد البحرين  تعديل مصدري - تعديل   شرق الحد هي مدينة جديدة في شرق مدينة الحد بمحافظة المحرق في البحرين. وقد بُدِءَ بدفن البحر لبناء الوحدات السكنية في الربع الأول من عام 2012،[1] وأن�...

 

Ernst-Abbe-Sportfeld

Ernst Abbe SportfeldLocationJena, ThuringiaCoordinates50°54′58″N 11°34′59″E / 50.91611°N 11.58306°E / 50.91611; 11.58306Capacity15,000[1]Field size105m × 68m (field only)SurfaceNatural grassConstructionBroke ground1922Opened24 August 1924Expanded1974 Floodlights (renovated in 1995)1978 Scoreboard (replaced in 2006)1997 New grandstand2007 Turf-heating system2007 Video monitoring system2007 Field enlargementTenantsFC Carl Zeiss Jena The Ernst Abbe S...