Aspettative

Il termine aspettative in economia indica le attese dei soggetti economici a fronte di un evento o di un comportamento che può influire sulle loro decisioni.

La decisione di acquistare un titolo azionario, per esempio, dipende non solo dall'andamento passato del titolo (il valore è aumentato o diminuito) ma anche dalle attese (aspettative) circa un complesso insieme di variabili che possono influenzarne il corso. L'attesa di profitti più alti del passato o l'attesa di vendite generalizzate possono spingere gli operatori ad acquistare o vendere il titolo in questione, così come l'attesa che abbia luogo una certa scelta di politica economica può indurre gli operatori a fare scelte che altrimenti non avrebbero preso in considerazione.

Le aspettative possono essere di almeno tre tipi diversi.

  • Le aspettative razionali presuppongono che un operatore, disponendo di tutte le informazioni necessarie, preveda l'andamento di una determinata variabile e adatti il proprio comportamento di fatto annullandone l'effetto.
  • Le aspettative mediamente razionali suppongono invece che l'operatore medio sia razionale, non escludendo che alcuni non lo siano affatto e quindi che non siano in grado di elaborare correttamente le informazioni possedute.
  • Le aspettative adattive suppongono invece che gli operatori prevedano un futuro simile al recente passato.

Nella teoria economica si è impiegata l'ipotesi di aspettative razionali per sostenere l'inutilità di talune scelte di politica economica. Gli operatori modificherebbero il loro comportamento in base alle aspettative, rendendo inutili gli interventi di politica economica.

Contro questo filone di pensiero si sono schierati negli ultimi anni i teorici delle asimmetrie informative, a cominciare da Joseph Stiglitz, che hanno sottolineato come le aspettative razionali presuppongano ipotesi irrealistiche circa la disponibilità di informazioni e della capacità di elaborarle, mentre di solito soggetti diversi possiedono informazioni differenti e differenti capacità di elaborare le informazioni disponibili.

  Portale Economia: accedi alle voci di Wikipedia che trattano di economia

Read other articles:

Ximena NavarreteLahirJimena Navarrete Rosete[1][2]22 Februari 1988 (umur 36)Guadalajara, Jalisco, MeksikoTinggi1,75 m (5 ft 9 in)Pemenang kontes kecantikanGelarNuestra Belleza Jalisco 2009Nuestra Belleza México 2009Miss Universe 2010Warna rambutCokelatWarna mataCokelatKompetisiutamaNuestra Belleza Jalisco 2009(Pemenang)Nuestra Belleza México 2009(Pemenang)Miss Universe 2010(Pemenang) Jimena Ximena Navarrete Rosete[1] (lahir 22 Februari 1988) adal...

 

المشتري مع أقماره الأربعة الأكبر للمشتري 95 قمراً مؤكدة الوجود،[1] وبالتالي فله أكبر عدد من الأقمار ذات المدارات المستقرة بشكل معقول في المجموعة الشمسية.[2] الأبرز بين هذه الأقمار أكبر أربعة فيها وتسمى بأقمار جاليليو، والتي اكتشفها غاليليو غاليلي عام 1610 للميلاد وهي ...

 

Chemical compound Ro10-5824Identifiers IUPAC name 2-methyl-5-[(4-phenyl-3,6-dihydro-2H-pyridin-1-yl)methyl]pyrimidin-4-amine CAS Number189744-46-5 YPubChem CID16759175ChemSpider14016802UNII8X35VUU4YYChEMBLChEMBL1616116Chemical and physical dataFormulaC17H20N4Molar mass280.375 g·mol−13D model (JSmol)Interactive image SMILES c3ccccc3C(=CC2)CCN2Cc1cnc(C)nc1N InChI InChI=1S/C17H20N4/c1-13-19-11-16(17(18)20-13)12-21-9-7-15(8-10-21)14-5-3-2-4-6-14/h2-7,11H,8-10,12H2,1H3,(H2,18,19,20)Ke...

Spanish footballer and coach In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Ramis and the second or maternal family name is Monfort. Luis Miguel Ramis Ramis coaching Real Madrid youths in 2015Personal informationFull name Luis Miguel Ramis MonfortDate of birth (1970-07-25) 25 July 1970 (age 53)Place of birth Tarragona, SpainHeight 1.90 m (6 ft 3 in)Position(s) Centre-backYouth career1983–1988 GimnàsticSenior career*Years Team Apps (Gls)1988–1991 Gimnà...

 

Manuel de Sousa CoutinhoManuel de Sousa Coutinho14th Captain-major of Portuguese CeylonIn office1578–1583MonarchsSebastian of PortugalHenry, King of PortugalPhilip I of PortugalPreceded byFernando de AlbuquerqueSucceeded byJoão de Correia de Brito Personal detailsBorn1540Died1591 Manuel de Sousa Coutinho (1540–1591) was the 14th Captain-major of Portuguese Ceylon. Coutinho was appointed in 1578 under Sebastian of Portugal, he was Captain-major until 1583. He was succeeded by João de Cor...

 

Cet article est une ébauche concernant une localité italienne et le Trentin-Haut-Adige. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. Pergine Valsugana Armoiries Administration Pays Italie Région Trentin-Haut-Adige  Province Trentin   Code postal 38057 Code ISTAT 022139 Code cadastral G452 Préfixe tel. 0461 Démographie Gentilé perginesi / perzenaitri Population 21 572 hab. (1er janvie...

For other uses, see Siku. For the mountain in Bolivia, see Siku (Bolivia). Peruvian playing a zampoña A sikuri, played in hocket, with multiple instruments sharing the melody. Computer-generated file. Siku (Quechua: antara, Aymara: siku, also sicu, sicus, zampolla or Spanish zampoña) is a traditional Andean panpipe.[1] This instrument is the main instrument used in a musical genre known as sikuri. It is traditionally found all across the Andes but is more typically associated with m...

 

Trade in cereals and other food grains The grain trade refers to the local and international trade in cereals such as wheat, barley, maize, and rice, and other food grains. Grain is an important trade item because it is easily stored and transported with limited spoilage, unlike other agricultural products. Healthy grain supply and trade is important to many societies, providing a caloric base for most food systems as well as important role in animal feed for animal agriculture. The grain tra...

 

Cet article ou cette section fait référence à des sources qui ne semblent pas présenter la fiabilité et/ou l'indépendance requises. Vous pouvez aider, soit en recherchant des sources de meilleure qualité pour étayer les informations concernées, soit en attribuant clairement ces informations aux sources qui semblent insuffisantes, ce qui permet de mettre en garde le lecteur sur l'origine de l'information. Voir la page de discussion pour plus de détails. GeberPortrait de Geber du XVe...

Jurassique Données clés Notation chronostratigraphique J Notation française lj Notation RGF l-j Stratotype initial Jura Niveau Période / Système Érathème / Ère - Éonothème / Éon MésozoïquePhanérozoïque StratigraphieÉtendue DébutFin  201,4 ± 0,2 Ma(extinction du Trias-Jurassique) ≃145,0 Ma Trias CrétacéSédimentaire Fossiles stratigraphiques ammonitesbrachiopodes (régionalement) Paléogéographie et climat Reconstitution de la géographie terrestre d...

 

This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. (Learn how and when to remove these template messages) This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (July 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this message) The topic of this article may not meet Wikipedia's notability guidelines for companies and organizations...

 

Haryana Peta India dengan letak Haryana ditandai. Ibu kota - Koordinat Chandigarh - 30°44′N 76°47′E / 30.73°N 76.78°E / 30.73; 76.78 Kota terbesar Faridabad Populasi (2011) - Kepadatan 25.351.462 (Ke-16) - 573/km² Area - Distrik 44.212 km² (Ke-20) - 20 Zona waktu UTC +5:30 Pembentukan - Gubernur - Ketua Menteri - Legislatif (kursi) 1 November 1966...

Village in Florida, United StatesPalm Springs, FloridaVillageVillage of Palm SpringsPalm Springs Village HallMotto: Garden Spot of Palm Beach CountyLocation of Palm Springs, FloridaPalm Springs, FloridaCoordinates: 26°38′09″N 080°05′46″W / 26.63583°N 80.09611°W / 26.63583; -80.09611Country United StatesState FloridaCounty Palm BeachIncorporatedMay 31, 1957 (1957-05-31)Government • TypeCouncil-Manager • ...

 

Сельское поселение России (МО 2-го уровня)Новотитаровское сельское поселение Флаг[d] Герб 45°14′09″ с. ш. 38°58′16″ в. д.HGЯO Страна  Россия Субъект РФ Краснодарский край Район Динской Включает 4 населённых пункта Адм. центр Новотитаровская Глава сельского пос�...

 

Florence MasnadaFlorence Masnada a Chambéry nel 2019Nazionalità Francia Altezza176 cm Peso69 kg Sci alpino SpecialitàDiscesa libera, supergigante, slalom gigante, slalom speciale, combinata SquadraCS Chamrousse Termine carriera1999 Palmarès Competizione Ori Argenti Bronzi Olimpiadi 0 0 2 Mondiali 0 0 1 Vedi maggiori dettagli  Modifica dati su Wikidata · Manuale Florence Masnada (Grenoble, 16 dicembre 1968) è un'ex sciatrice alpina francese. Indice 1 Biografia 1.1 Carriera...

American lawyer Clarence CaryBorn(1845-03-18)March 18, 1845Fairfax County, Virginia, U.S.DiedAugust 27, 1911(1911-08-27) (aged 66)Greenwich, Connecticut, U.S.Resting placeIvy Hill Cemetery, Alexandria, VirginiaSpouse Elisabeth Miller Potter ​ ​(m. 1878)​Parent(s)Archibald CaryMonimia FairfaxRelativesConstance Cary Harrison (sister)Virginia Randolph (grandmother)Fairfax Harrison (nephew)Francis Harrison (nephew) Clarence Cary (March 18, 1845 – August ...

 

  لمعانٍ أخرى، طالع سيكو (توضيح). سيكو الإحداثيات 37°10′19″N 82°43′56″W / 37.171944444444°N 82.732222222222°W / 37.171944444444; -82.732222222222   تقسيم إداري  البلد الولايات المتحدة[1]  التقسيم الأعلى مقاطعة ليتشر  خصائص جغرافية ارتفاع 1260 قدم  رمز جيونيمز 4307884  تعديل مصدري...

 

Speech presented by a single character For the Soviet film, see Monologue (film). For the Malayalam film, see Anantaram. For the speech of a narrator, see Voiceover. Actor Christopher Walken performing a monologue in the 1984 stage play Hurlyburly In theatre, a monologue (from Greek: μονόλογος, from μόνος mónos, alone, solitary and λόγος lógos, speech) is a speech presented by a single character, most often to express their thoughts aloud, though sometimes also to directl...

Variance of plants in agriculture Crop diversity or crop biodiversity is the variety and variability of crops, plants used in agriculture, including their genetic and phenotypic characteristics. It is a subset of a specific element of agricultural biodiversity. Over the past 50 years, there has been a major decline in two components of crop diversity; genetic diversity within each crop and the number of species commonly grown. Crop diversity loss threatens global food security, as the world's...

 

加藤彰廉 加藤 彰廉(かとう あきかど、文久元年12月27日[1](1862年1月26日) - 昭和8年(1933年)9月18日[2])は、衆議院議員(無所属団→公友倶楽部→公正会)、教育者。 経歴 伊予松山藩士宮城正修の二男として江戸に生まれ、加藤彰の養子となった[3][注釈 1]。1884年(明治17年)、東京大学文学部を卒業。文部省御用掛、主税局御用掛、大蔵属を�...