Anatolij Leonidovič Durov

Anatolij Leonidovič Durov (Mosca, 8 dicembre 1864 – Mariupol, 7 gennaio 1916) è stato un circense russo, specializzato come clown.

Biografia

Anatolij Durov fu un famoso clown russo e addestratore di animali, il primo dell'illustre famiglia circense russa Durov.^[1]

Figlio di un poliziotto, Anatolij perse la madre all'età di cinque anni e il padre poco dopo. Il suo padrino, l'avvocato Zakharov, si occupò quindi di allevarlo. Il giovane lasciò la casa nel 1880 per unirsi alla compagnia del Circo Weinstock, dove si esibì come acrobata, funambolo e più tardi come clown.^[1]

Contrariamente all'usanza del tempo, non utilizzò un nome d'arte e durante le rappresentazioni comiche indossava un costume a tre pezzi invece di indossare un travestimento grottesco.

Ammaestrava gli animali domestici studiandone i riflessi condizionati.^[1]

La sua popolarità oltrepassò i confini russi e grazie a numerose tournée divenne celebre in Italia, in Germania e in Francia.^[1]

Anche suo fratello Vladimir Durov fu un artista circense, fondatore del Circo Durov di Mosca.^[1]

Infine, anche suo figlio Anatolij Anatol'evič fu domatore, invece quasi tutti gli altri discendenti curarono soprattutto l'ormai tradizionale numero di famiglia, tra la satira e la favola, con gatti, galli, topi, ecc.^[1]

Note

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Durov, in le muse, IV, Novara, De Agostini, 1965, p. 290.

Bibliografia

Leonardo Angelini, L'attore-giocoliere, da Enrico Rastelli al Nuovo Circo, Roma, 2008.
J. Y. Attou, Clown's Circus storia, ricordi e arte: Il circo, una festa nuovo modello drammaturgico, Verona, Edizioni Equilibrando, 2019.
(FR) E. Campardon, Les spectacles de la foire, Parigi, 1877.
F. Cappa e P. Gelli, Dizionario dello Spettacolo del '900, Milano, Baldini&Castoldi, 1998.
Alessandro Cervellati, Storia del Circo, Bologna, Edizioni Avanti, 1956.
Raffaele De Ritis, Storia del Circo. Dagli acrobati egizi al Cirque du Soleil, Roma, Bulzoni, 2008.
(FR) Dominique Denis, L'Art du Clown, Parigi, Arts des 2 Mondes, 2005.
(FR) Dominique Denis, Le Livre du Clown, Strasburgo, Editions du Spectacle, 1985.
Enciclopedia dello spettacolo, II, Le Maschere, 1960.
(FR) Jacques Fabbri e André Sallée, Clowns et Farceurs, Parigi, Bordas, 1982.
G. Garollo, Dizionario biografico universale, II, Milano, Cisalpino Goliardica, 1907.
Antonio Giarola e Alessandro Serena, Corpo Animali Meraviglie, Verona, Edizioni Equilibrando, 2013.
(FR) Pierre Robert Levy, Les clowns et la tradition clownesque, La Gardine, 1991.
Alessandro Serena, Storia del Circo, Milano, Bruno Mondadori, 2008.

Voci correlate

Altri progetti

Wikimedia Commons contiene immagini o altri file su Anatolij Leonidovič Durov

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