Amalie Materna

Amalie Materna

Amalie Materna (Sankt Georgen an der Stiefing, 10 luglio 1844Vienna, 18 gennaio 1918) è stata un soprano e insegnante austriaca.

Pur possedendo una voce notoriamente potente, la Materna mantenne anche un timbro vocale giovane e brillante per tutta la sua carriera, che ha attraversato tre decenni. Oggi è ricordata soprattutto per aver creato diversi ruoli in opere di Richard Wagner.

Biografia

Amalie Materna fece il suo debutto professionale al Teatro Thalia di Graz nel 1865. Quindi sposò Karl Friedrich, un attore e si fidanzò con lui cantando operette nei teatri suburbani vicino a Vienna e al Carltheater di Vienna. Debuttò alla Wiener Staatsoper nel 1869, cantando Selika in L'africana di Giacomo Meyerbeer. Ben accolta dalla gente, la Materna divenne un artista regolare alla corte di Vienna per i successivi 25 anni. Le sue esibizioni degne più importanti comprendono Amneris nella prima rappresentazione di Vienna dell'Aida nel 1874 e il ruolo da protagonista all'anteprima de La regina di Saba di Karl Goldmark, il 10 marzo 1875.

Amalie Materna era forse la più ammirata per le sue interpretazioni delle opere di Richard Wagner. Cantò il ruolo di Brünnhilde nel primo Ciclo dell'Anello completo a Bayreuth (1876), apparendo anche nelle prime esibizioni di Vienna de La Valchiria (1877) e Sigfrido (1878) e nel primo Ciclo dell'Anello di Berlino al Teatro Vittoria (1881). Nel 1882 creò il ruolo di Kundry nel Parsifal a Bayreuth, ripetendo il ruolo lì in ogni festival fino al 1891.

Nel 1884 la Materna visitò gli Stati Uniti con Hermann Winkelmann ed Emil Scaria. Entrò nelle file del Metropolitan Opera l'anno successivo facendo il suo debutto il 5 gennaio 1885 come Elisabeth nel Tannhäuser. Altri suoi ruoli al Met comprendono Valentine ne Gli ugonotti, Rachel in La juive e Brünnhilde in La Valchiria. Scrivendo sul New York Times, W.J. Henderson descrisse la sua Brünnhilde come "un ritratto di celebrità mondiale e le sue scene impressionanti con Siegmund e Wotan ieri sera, scene in cui il suo sentimento profondo, i toni espressivi e l'aspetto maestoso... di cui si era sentito parlare abbastanza, tanto quanto della bellezza e del volume della sua voce, erano attesi con una sicurezza che era pienamente giustificata dall'evento".[1]

Tornò a Vienna più tardi nel 1885 e lì apparve in numerose produzioni per i successivi nove anni. La sua ultima esibizione a Vienna fu come Elisabetta il 31 dicembre 1894. Dopo il suo ritiro, insegnò canto a Vienna, dove fece un'ultima apparizione pubblica nel 1913, cantando Kundry in un concerto per commemorare il centenario della nascita di Wagner.

Galleria di ruoli

Kundry nel Parsifal (Bayreuth, 1882)
Brünnhilde nel Ciclo dell'Anello (Bayreuth, 1876)
Elisabeth nel Tannhäuser (Metropolitan Opera, 1885)
Ortrud nel Lohengrin (Vienna)
Rachel in La Juive
La Regina in La regina di Saba

Repertorio

Repertorio operistico
Ruolo Titolo Autore
Amalia Gustavo III Auber
Leonora Fidelio Beethoven
Zaida Don Sebastiano Donizetti
Alceste Alceste Gluck
Armida
L'Odio
Armida Gluck
Ifigenia Ifigenia in Tauride Gluck
La Regina La regina di Saba Goldmark
Hermosa Il tributo di Zamora Gounod
Rachel La Juive Halévy
La Regina Hans Heiling Marschner
Alice Roberto il diavolo Meyerbeer
Valentina Gli ugonotti Meyerbeer
Berta Il profeta Meyerbeer
Sélika L'africana Meyerbeer
Elettra Idomeneo Mozart
Contessa d'Almaviva Le nozze di Figaro Mozart
Donna Anna
Donna Elvira
Don Giovanni Mozart
Seconda dama Il flauto magico Mozart
Sesto La clemenza di Tito Mozart
Gertrude Hamlet Thomas
Amelia Grimaldi Simon Boccanegra Verdi
Amelia Un ballo in maschera Verdi
Aida
Amneris
Aida Verdi
Adriano Colonna Rienzi Wagner
Elisabeth
Venere
Tannhäuser Wagner
Ortrud Lohengrin Wagner
Brunilde La Valchiria Wagner
Isotta Tristano e Isotta Wagner
Brunilde Sigfrido Wagner
Brunilde Il crepuscolo degli dei Wagner
Kundry Parsifal Wagner
Eglantine Euryanthe Weber

Note

  1. ^ W. J. Henderson, Met Performance CID:3450 – Die Walküre {1} Metropolitan Opera House: 01/30/1885, su archives.metoperafamily.org, MetOpera Database.

Bibliografia

Altri progetti

Collegamenti esterni

Controllo di autoritàVIAF (EN17983568 · ISNI (EN0000 0001 1748 0547 · Europeana agent/base/24792 · LCCN (ENno2018063623 · GND (DE116824174 · BNF (FRcb15883829j (data)

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