Acacio (patriarca Chiesa d'Oriente)

Acacio
patriarca della Chiesa d'Oriente
 
Incarichi ricopertiPatriarca della Chiesa d'Oriente
Arcivescovo metropolita di Seleucia-Ctesifonte
 
Nato?
Nominato arcivescovo485
Nominato patriarca485
Deceduto496
 
Manuale

Acacio (in siriaco Aqaq, in latino Acacius; ... – 496) è stato un vescovo siriaco, arcivescovo metropolita di Seleucia-Ctesifonte e patriarca della Chiesa d'Oriente dal 485 al 496. Durante il suo episcopato lottò per evitare che la Chiesa d'Oriente si allineasse alla dottrina "nestoriana" propagandata da Barsauma, vescovo metropolita di Nisibi.

Biografia

Scelta la vita religiosa, studiò alla scuola di Edessa[1]. Salì al seggio vescovile di Seleucia-Ctesifonte nel 485, in un periodo cruciale per la Chiesa d'Oriente. L'anno precedente, infatti, un sinodo di vescovi dissidenti (Sinodo di Beth Lapat) aveva sancito l'adesione all'insegnamento teologico di Nestorio. Il primate Babowai condannò il sinodo e scomunicò coloro che vi avevano partecipato.

Babowai e lo scià Peroz I morirono nello stesso anno, il 484. Il successore di Peroz, Balash (484-488) appoggiò la nomina di Acacio a primate, confidando che avrebbe impedito ai nestoriani di assumere la guida della Chiesa d'Oriente. E così avvenne. Nel 485 Acacio convocò un sinodo a Beth Adrai (o Edrai) in cui fu ristabilita l'unità tra i vescovi della Chiesa d'Oriente e i decreti di Beth Lapat furono annullati[2]. L'anno seguente (486) Acacio convocò a Seleucia-Ctesifonte un concilio in cui fu ribadita la cristologia antiochena, fondata sugli insegnamenti di Teodoro di Mopsuestia[2].

Fonti

La biografia di Acacio è presente nella Cronaca di Seert. Cenni sul suo patriarcato si trovano anche nelle storie ecclesiastiche di autori nestoriani come Mari (XII secolo), 'Amr (XIV secolo) e Sliba (XIV secolo). Altre notizie sull'episcopato di Acacio (con qualche omissione minore) sono date da Barebreo (floruit 1280)[3].

Note

  1. ^ (EN) Wilhelm Baum e Dietmar W. Winkler, The Church of the East: A Concise History, Routledge, 2003.
  2. ^ a b Wilhelm Baum e Dietmar W. Winkler, op. cit.
  3. ^ Va detto che, come autore giacobita, Barebreo era ideologicamente vicino ad Acacio. Nel suo Chronicon ecclesiasticum il principale avversario di Acacio, Barsauma (il cui nome significa figlio del digiuno) fu ironicamente soprannominato 'Bar Sula', figlio della scarpa.

Bibliografia

  • Abbeloos, J. B., and Lamy, T. J., Bar Hebraeus, Chronicon Ecclesiasticum (3 vols, Paris, 1877)
  • Assemani, J. A., De Catholicis seu Patriarchis Chaldaeorum et Nestorianorum (Rome, 1775)
  • Brooks, E. W., Eliae Metropolitae Nisibeni Opus Chronologicum (Rome, 1910)
  • Gismondi, H., Maris, Amri, et Salibae: De Patriarchis Nestorianorum Commentaria I: Amri et Salibae Textus (Rome, 1896)
  • Gismondi, H., Maris, Amri, et Salibae: De Patriarchis Nestorianorum Commentaria II: Maris textus arabicus et versio Latina (Rome, 1899)
  • (FR) J. Labourt, Le christianisme dans l'empire perse sous la dynastie Sassanide (224-632), Paris 1904, pp. 141–152.

Collegamenti esterni

  • (EN) Lucas Van Rompay, Aqaq, Gorgias Encyclopedic Dictionary of the Syriac Heritage, Electronic Edition

Predecessore Arcivescovo metropolita di Seleucia-Ctesifonte Successore
Babowai 485 - 495/496 Babai

Predecessore Patriarca della Chiesa d'Oriente Successore
Babowai 485 - 495/496 Babai
  Portale Biografie

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