Abbas ibn Firnas

Abbās ibn Firnās (in arabo عباس بن فرناس‎^?; Ronda, 810 – Cordova, 888) è stato uno scienziato e inventore berbero, vissuto a Cordova durante la dominazione islamica della Spagna.^[1]^[2]

Ibn Finas inventò il primo aeromobile, ed è considerato come uno dei padri dell'aviazione.^[3]^[4] Secondo John Harding, l'aliante di Ibn Firnas è stato il primo tentativo di volo più pesante dell'aria nella storia dell'aviazione.^[5]

Si rese anche famoso per le sue innumerevoli attività di studioso e inventore, applicandosi alla fisica, alla chimica e all'astronomia.

Sviluppò una formula per la fabbricazione del cristallo con cui costruì lenti correttive "pietre per leggere", nonché un sistema per la costruzione di planetari, con la simulazione della rotazione di stelle e pianeti.

Viene ricordato principalmente per il suo esperimento di volo. Con circa mille anni di anticipo sui fratelli Wright, infatti, costruì una macchina volante con la quale, all'età di 65 anni, tentò personalmente il volo lanciandosi da una torre di Cordova. L'esperimento riuscì parzialmente: ‘Abbās riuscì per qualche momento a librarsi nell'aria, ma finì per planare bruscamente a terra, procurandosi alcune ferite, probabilmente per non aver calcolato correttamente l'utilizzo della coda.

Sono stati intitolati al suo nome l'aeroporto di Baghdad, un ponte, e un cratere lunare.

Note

^ «Ibn Firnas ('Abbâs)» per Ahmed Djebbar, Dictionnaire culturel des science, by Collective under the direction of Nicolas Witkowski, Du Regard Editions, 2003, ISBN 2-84105-128-5.
^ Lévi-Provençal, E. (1986). "'Abbās b. Firnās". In Bearman, P.; Bianquis, Th.; Bosworth, C.E.; van Donzel, E.; Heinrichs, W.P. (eds.). Encyclopaedia of Islam. I (2nd ed.). Brill publishers. p. 11.
^ How Invention Begins: Echoes of Old Voices in the Rise of New Machines By John H. Lienhard
^ Sustainable Aviation by T. Hikmet Karakoc, C. Ozgur Colpan, Onder Altuntas, Yasin Sohret
^ The Aviation History: New Aircraft I - Color By Relly Victoria Petrescu, Florian Ion Petrescu, Page 7, ISBN 9783848266395

Altri progetti

Wikimedia Commons contiene immagini o altri file su Abbas ibn Firnas

Collegamenti esterni

(ES) Abbas ibn Firnas, in Diccionario biográfico español, Real Academia de la Historia.

Controllo di autorità	VIAF (EN) 306318783 · ISNI (EN) 0000 0004 2648 7929 · BAV 495/346174 · LCCN (EN) no2014081645

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